ArticleEBioMedicine2016
Development of Upper Respiratory Tract Microbiota in Infancy is Affected by Mode of Delivery.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 165 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
165 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Exploring the chicken respiratory microbiome: a comprehensive meta-analysis of factors shaping chicken respiratory microbiota.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of the human upper respiratory tract microbiome reveals robust taxonomic associations with health and disease.BMC biology · 2024Pooled it
- The Human Respiratory Microbiome: Current Understandings and Future Directions.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2023Pooled it
- Exploring the microbial landscape of the nasopharynx in children: a systematic review of studies using next generation sequencing.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2023Pooled it
- Probiotic Supplementation During the Perinatal and Infant Period: Effects on Gut Dysbiosis and Disease.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- The impact of topical or oral antibiotics in children with acute otitis media on their middle ear, nasopharyngeal, and gut microbiomes.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Trial
- Effects of early-life antibiotics on the developing infant gut microbiome and resistome: a randomized trial.Nature communications · 2022Trial
- Cesarean delivery on maternal request and common child health outcomes: A prospective cohort study in China.Journal of global health · 2022Trial
- Prenatal dietary supplements influence the infant airway microbiota in a randomized factorial clinical trial.Nature communications · 2020Trial
- The Gut-Lung Microbiome Axis in Alveolar Stem Cell Regeneration and Lung Repair.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Perinatal exposures and upper respiratory tract microbiome composition are associated with age at first acute otitis media episode.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Microbiome of the Eustachian tube in patients with chronic obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction and healthy individuals.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2026Article
- The gut-lung axis in early life: microbiome-associated mechanisms and clinical relevance.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- The respiratory microbiome: dynamics from health to disease.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2026Review
- Factors influencing preterm infant microbiota and their role in wheezing development.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Review
- Offspring Long-Term Respiratory Morbidity Following Cesarean Delivery at Different Stages of Labor.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Composition and dynamics of the adult nasal microbiome.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Harmful effects of aerosol heavy metals on child health can be increased by their association with organic matter.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Interaction BetweenCurrent pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2026Review
105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Birth by Caesarian section is associated with short- and long-term respiratory morbidity. We hypothesized that mode of delivery affects the development of the respiratory microbiota, thereby altering its capacity to provide colonization resistance and consecutive pathobiont overgrowth and infections. Therefore, we longitudinally studied the impact of mode of delivery on the nasopharyngeal microbiota development from birth until six months of age in a healthy, unselected birth cohort of 102 children (n=761 samples). Here, we show that the respiratory microbiota develops within one day from a variable mixed bacterial community towards a Streptococcus viridans-predominated profile, regardless of mode of delivery. Within the first week, rapid niche differentiation had occurred; initially with in most infants Staphylococcus aureus predominance, followed by differentiation towards Corynebacterium pseudodiphteriticum/propinquum, Dolosigranulum pigrum, Moraxella catarrhalis/nonliquefaciens, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and/or Haemophilus influenzae dominated communities. Infants born by Caesarian section showed a delay in overall development of respiratory microbiota profiles with specifically reduced colonization with health-associated commensals like Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum, thereby possibly influencing respiratory health later in life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.