ArticlePloS one2016
Protective Effect of Dual-Strain Probiotics in Preterm Infants: A Multi-Center Time Series Analysis.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Prophylactic Probiotic Supplementation for Preterm Neonates-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Nonrandomized Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Probiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Nutritional interventions to reduce rates of infection, necrotizing enterocolitis and mortality in very preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2020Pooled it
- Global perspectives on probiotic use to reduce NEC.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- A Review of Probiotic Interventions for Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Sepsis in Preterm Infants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Decrease in healthcare-associated infection rates in preterm infants-longitudinal data from 15 years of nationwide surveillance in Germany.Infection control and hospital epidemiology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the effect of probiotics on severe necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants born before 32 weeks gestation in England and Wales: a propensity-matched population study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Dual-strain probiotics Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus reverse gut dysbiosis in preterm neonates: a randomized controlled trial.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2025Article
- Incidence of probiotic sepsis and morbidity risk in premature infants: a meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Article
- The gut microbiome, resistome, and mycobiome in preterm newborn infants and mouse pups: lack of lasting effects by antimicrobial therapy or probiotic prophylaxis.Gut pathogens · 2024Article
- State of the Art of Probiotic Use in Neonatal Intensive Care Units in French-Speaking European Countries.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antibiotic failure: Beyond antimicrobial resistance.Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2023Review
- Early gut microbiota intervention in premature infants: Application perspectives.Journal of advanced research · 2023Review
- Different probiotic strains alter human cord blood monocyte responses.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis: Where do we stand?Seminars in perinatology · 2023Review
- Current and future methods of probiotic therapy for necrotizing enterocolitis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Respiratory and Intestinal Microbiota in Pediatric Lung Diseases-Current Evidence of the Gut-Lung Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Clinical efficacy of probiotics on feeding intolerance in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the effect of dual-strain probiotics on the development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), mortality and nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSI) in preterm infants in German neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
designA multi-center interrupted time series analysis.
setting44 German NICUs with routine use of dual-strain probiotics on neonatal ward level. PATIENTS: Preterm infants documented by NEO-KISS, the German surveillance system for nosocomial infections in preterm infants with birth weights below 1,500 g, between 2004 and 2014.
interventionRoutine use of dual-strain probiotics containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. (Infloran) on the neonatal ward level.
main outcome measuresIncidences of NEC, overall mortality, mortality following NEC and nosocomial BSI.
resultsData from 10,890 preterm infants in 44 neonatal wards was included in this study. Incidences of NEC and BSI were 2.5% (n = 274) and 15.0%, (n = 1631), respectively. Mortality rate was 6.1% (n = 665). The use of dual-strain probiotics significantly reduced the risk of NEC (HR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.38-0.62), overall mortality (HR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.44-0.83), mortality after NEC (HR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.26-0.999) and nosocomial BSI (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81-0.98). These effects were even more pronounced in the subgroup analysis of preterm infants with birth weights below 1,000 g.
conclusionIn order to reduce NEC and mortality in preterm infants, it is advisable to add routine prophylaxis with dual-strain probiotics to clinical practice in neonatal wards.
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Registered trials
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