Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27330520›Full record

ArticleJournal of chiropractic medicine2016

A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research.

Terry K Koo, Mae Y Li

Erratum issued 19 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of chiropractic medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 19 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 13,184 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13,184citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03645616 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Reliability of Functional Tests for Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain.

TypeinterventionalSponsorAlessandro HaupenthalRan2018 to 2018Enrolled33ConditionsLow Back Pain, AdultArms6-minute walk test, 10 meters walk test, 30 Second Sit to Stand Test
NCT04320355 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Exploring the Effects of Soft Tissue Manual Therapy on the Viscoelastic Properties, Pressure Sensitivity and Touch Sensitivity of the Caesarean Section Scar

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversité de SherbrookeRan2020 to 2020Enrolled51ConditionsCesarean Section ComplicationsArmsSoft tissue manual therapy
NCT04666831 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Adapted Motivational Interviewing and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Food Addiction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorToronto Metropolitan UniversityRan2021 to 2023Enrolled94ConditionsFood Addiction, Binge EatingArmsAdapted Motivational Interviewing (AMI) and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
NCT04932317 completednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Oral Symptom Assessment Scale (OSAS): Validity and Reliability

TypeobservationalSponsorOur Lady's Hospice and Care ServicesRan2021 to 2022Enrolled54ConditionsNeoplasms
NCT05252104 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Inter-rater Reliability of Diagnosing Thoracic Outlet Syndrome by NHS Physiotherapists Using the CORE-TOS Clinical Diagnostic Criteria

TypeobservationalSponsorQueen Margaret UniversityRan2022 to 2022Enrolled30ConditionsThoracic Outlet SyndromeArmsCORE-TOS diagnostic tool
NCT05804240 completednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Utility of Three-dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography in Right Ventricular Function Assessment in Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement, Mini-sternotomy Aortic Valve Replacement, and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

TypeobservationalSponsorThomas Jefferson UniversityRan2023 to 2025Enrolled67ConditionsRight Ventricular DysfunctionArms3D TEE RVEF
NCT06212713 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Development and Validation of a Health Behaviour Theory-based Questionnaire to Explore the Willingness of Older Adults and Informal Caregivers to Deprescribe

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversité Catholique de LouvainRan2023 to 2024Enrolled600ConditionsPsychologicalArmsQuestionnaire administration
NCT06298786 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Validation and Evaluation of the Mastication Function in Adults: The Functional Six-minute Mastication Test (F-6MMT).

TypeobservationalSponsorFundació Universitària del BagesRan2025 to 2026Enrolled514ConditionsMastication Disorder, Fatigue, Temporomandibular Disorder, Orofacial PainArmsFunctional 6-minute mastication test
NCT06325800 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Multimodal Vascular Phenotyping and Target-Organ Damage Using Vascular Imaging, Glyco-Oxidative Biomarkers, and Photoplethysmography in Adults at Increased Cardiovascular Risk: The GlycOxiTOD Observational Registry

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorComplejo Hospitalario Universitario de SantiagoRan2024 to 2035Enrolled1,000ConditionsHypertension, Target Organ Damage, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Vascular StiffnessArmsMultimodal Cardiovascular Phenotyping
NCT06521203 completednot on this map

Immediate Implant Placement in Sites With Chronic Periapical Lesions

TypeobservationalSponsorAkdeniz UniversityRan2016 to 2023Enrolled25ConditionsDental Implant Failure Nos, Periapical Granuloma, Osseointegration Failure of Dental Implant
NCT06612398 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Effect of a Preoperative Preparation Video on Preoperative Anxiety Among Children Undergoing Dental Treatment Under General Anesthesia

TypeinterventionalSponsorKing Abdullah University HospitalRan2023 to 2023Enrolled84ConditionsPreoperative AnxietyArmsPreoperative preparation video
NCT07039071 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Evaluation of Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Laceback: A Split-Mouth Randomised Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorInternational Islamic University MalaysiaRan2026 to 2027Enrolled38ConditionsMalocclusionArmsLaceback
NCT07305051 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Comparison of Transhepatic and Subcostal Views for Assessing Inferior Vena Cava Diameter Variation in Cardiac Surgery Patients

TypeobservationalSponsorSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreRan2026 to 2028Enrolled283ConditionsPerioperative Fluid Management, Hemodynamic Monitoring, Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index, Cardiac Surgery Patients
NCT07482930 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Acute Effects Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Spirometric Parameters in Healthy Individuals: A Sham-Controlled Randomized Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorSEFA HAKTAN HATIKRan2026 to 2026Enrolled50ConditionsVagus Nerve Stimulations, Spirometry, Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Functioning and Mood State, Blood Pressure MonitoringArmsTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation, Sham transcutaneous auricular stimulation
NCT07548723 naenrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Assessment of Reliability and Agreement of Autonomic Measures Across Different Anatomical Sites During Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation

TypeinterventionalSponsorSEFA HAKTAN HATIKRan2023 to 2026Enrolled1ConditionsAutonomic Nervous System (ANS) Functioning and Mood State, Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Blood Pressure Monitoring, Transcutaneous Electric Nerve StimulationArmsTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation
NCT07572942 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Validity and Reliability of Neuroscience-Based Visual Laser Feedback Map Tests in Individuals With Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome

TypeobservationalSponsorBalikesir UniversityRan2026 to 2026Enrolled35ConditionsMotoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome, Cognitive-Motor Interaction, Sensorimotor Performance
NCT07591779 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Study of the Relationship Between Clinical and Functional Characteristics of Patients With CMT1A Disease and Their Level of Physical Activity at Home Measured Using Portable Electronic Sensors

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity Hospital, LimogesRan2026 to 2027Enrolled60ConditionsCharcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Type IA, Peripheral Neuropathy Hereditary, Motor Activity, Walking, Difficulty
NCT07667608 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Ultrasound Assessment of Diaphragmatic Structure and Function in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: A Point-of-Care Tool for Predicting Complications and Sarcopenia in Limited Resource Settings

TypeobservationalSponsorAssiut UniversityRan2026 to 2027Enrolled120ConditionsCirrhosis of the Liver, Ascites, Pleural Effusion Disorder, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
NCT07693803 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Artificial Intelligence Integration Timing on Group Brainstorming and Ideation in Undergraduate Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorMcMaster UniversityRan2026 to 2026Enrolled16ConditionsCreativityArmsArtificial Intelligence First (Early Integration), Artificial Intelligence Last (Late Integration)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13,184 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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13,124 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Terry K KooDirector & Associate Professor, Foot Levelers Biomechanics Research Laboratory, New York Chiropractic College, Seneca Falls, NY.
Mae Y LiDC Candidate, Foot Levelers Biomechanics Research Laboratory, New York Chiropractic College, Seneca Falls, NY.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveIntraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is a widely used reliability index in test-retest, intrarater, and interrater reliability analyses. This article introduces the basic concept of ICC in the content of reliability analysis. DISCUSSION FOR RESEARCHERS: There are 10 forms of ICCs. Because each form involves distinct assumptions in their calculation and will lead to different interpretations, researchers should explicitly specify the ICC form they used in their calculation. A thorough review of the research design is needed in selecting the appropriate form of ICC to evaluate reliability. The best practice of reporting ICC should include software information, "model," "type," and "definition" selections. DISCUSSION FOR READERS: When coming across an article that includes ICC, readers should first check whether information about the ICC form has been reported and if an appropriate ICC form was used. Based on the 95% confident interval of the ICC estimate, values less than 0.5, between 0.5 and 0.75, between 0.75 and 0.9, and greater than 0.90 are indicative of poor, moderate, good, and excellent reliability, respectively.

conclusionThis article provides a practical guideline for clinical researchers to choose the correct form of ICC and suggests the best practice of reporting ICC parameters in scientific publications. This article also gives readers an appreciation for what to look for when coming across ICC while reading an article.

Indexed as

Reliability and validityResearchStatistics

Identifiers

PMID27330520
PMCPMC4913118

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

and 13 more above

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.