ArticleParticle and fibre toxicology2016
Evaluation of pulmonary and systemic toxicity following lung exposure to graphite nanoplates: a member of the graphene-based nanomaterial family.
Article in Particle and fibre toxicology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Simulated aquatic aging exacerbates pulmonary toxicity of graphite nanoplatelets by mechanically and chemically induced surface oxidation, enhancing oxidative potential.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Article
- Engineered immune-driven theranostics for clinical cardiology.Military Medical Research · 2025Review
- Graphene nanomaterials: A new frontier in preventing respiratory fungal infections.Current medical mycology · 2025Review
- Application of the Tier 3 NIOSH occupational exposure banding process for the graphene family of nanomaterials: A case study.Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene · 2025Article
- Review
- Cell-penetrating peptides TAT and 8R functionalize P22 virus-like particles to enhance tissue distribution and retentionFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Influence of Impurities from Manufacturing Process on the Toxicity Profile of Boron Nitride Nanotubes.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2022Article
- Understanding toxicity associated with boron nitride nanotubes: Review of toxicity studies, exposure assessment at manufacturing facilities, and read-across.Journal of materials research · 2022Article
- Lung recovery from DNA damage induced by graphene oxide is dependent on size, dose and inflammation profile.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2022Article
- Rapid and efficient testing of the toxicity of graphene-related materials in primary human lung cells.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- PLATOX: Integrated In Vitro/In Vivo Approach for Screening of Adverse Lung Effects of Graphene-Related 2D Nanomaterials.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Innate but Not Adaptive Immunity Regulates Lung Recovery from Chronic Exposure to Graphene Oxide Nanosheets.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Toxicity of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in the Human Lung: A Comparative In-Vitro Study.Tanaffos · 2022Article
- Pulmonary exposure of mice to ammonium perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoate) (GenX) suppresses the innate immune response to carbon black nanoparticles and stimulates lung cell proliferation.Inhalation toxicology · 2022Article
- Structure-Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Graphene Oxide Normal (GO + MnAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Size-Dependent Pulmonary Impact of Thin Graphene Oxide Sheets in Mice: Toward Safe-by-Design.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2020Article
- Toxicology data of graphene-family nanomaterials: an update.Archives of toxicology · 2020Review
- The asbestos-carbon nanotube analogy: An update.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2018Review
- Immunological impact of graphene oxide sheets in the abdominal cavity is governed by surface reactivity.Archives of toxicology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGraphene, a monolayer of carbon, is an engineered nanomaterial (ENM) with physical and chemical properties that may offer application advantages over other carbonaceous ENMs, such as carbon nanotubes (CNT). The goal of this study was to comparatively assess pulmonary and systemic toxicity of graphite nanoplates, a member of the graphene-based nanomaterial family, with respect to nanoplate size.
methodsThree sizes of graphite nanoplates [20 μm lateral (Gr20), 5 μm lateral (Gr5), and <2 μm lateral (Gr1)] ranging from 8-25 nm in thickness were characterized for difference in surface area, structure,, zeta potential, and agglomeration in dispersion medium, the vehicle for in vivo studies. Mice were exposed by pharyngeal aspiration to these 3 sizes of graphite nanoplates at doses of 4 or 40 μg/mouse, or to carbon black (CB) as a carbonaceous control material. At 4 h, 1 day, 7 days, 1 month, and 2 months post-exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage was performed to collect fluid and cells for analysis of lung injury and inflammation. Particle clearance, histopathology and gene expression in lung tissue were evaluated. In addition, protein levels and gene expression were measured in blood, heart, aorta and liver to assess systemic responses.
resultsAll Gr samples were found to be similarly composed of two graphite structures and agglomerated to varying degrees in DM in proportion to the lateral dimension. Surface area for Gr1 was approximately 7-fold greater than Gr5 and Gr20, but was less reactive reactive per m(2). At the low dose, none of the Gr materials induced toxicity. At the high dose, Gr20 and Gr5 exposure increased indices of lung inflammation and injury in lavage fluid and tissue gene expression to a greater degree and duration than Gr1 and CB. Gr5 and Gr20 showed no or minimal lung epithelial hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and no development of fibrosis by 2 months post-exposure. In addition, the aorta and liver inflammatory and acute phase genes were transiently elevated in Gr5 and Gr20, relative to Gr1.
conclusionsPulmonary and systemic toxicity of graphite nanoplates may be dependent on lateral size and/or surface reactivity, with the graphite nanoplates > 5 μm laterally inducing greater toxicity which peaked at the early time points post-exposure relative to the 1-2 μm graphite nanoplate.
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