ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2016
Twinning and major birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2007.
Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of birth defects in children conceived by artificial oocyte activation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a meta-analysis.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2020Pooled it
- Discordance for Defects in Monochorionic Twins: Prevalence and Impact on Perinatal Outcomes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comparison of obstetric outcomes between single and double embryo transfers among singleton live births from vitrified donor oocyte IVF cycles: a cohort study.Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction · 2025Article
- Article
- Epidemiological and Histopathological Characteristics of Fetuses with Congenital Disorders: A Study in Greece.Biology · 2025Article
- Patterns of Co-Occurring Birth Defects in Chinese Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A National Hospital-Based Surveillance Study.Birth defects research · 2025Article
- Season, household registry and isolated birth defects: a population-based case-control study in Danyang, China.International health · 2024Article
- Iatrogenic and demographic determinants of the national plural birth increase.Fertility and sterility · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of Nonsyndromic, Orofacial Clefts in Texas: Differences by Cleft Type and Presence of Additional Defects.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2023Article
- Influenza vaccination during pregnancy and risk of selected major structural congenital heart defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study 2006-2011.Birth defects research · 2023Article
- The risks of birth defects and childhood cancer with conception by assisted reproductive technology.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2022Article
- Influenza vaccination during pregnancy and risk of selected major structural noncardiac birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study 2006-2011.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2022Article
- Risk Assessment for Birth Defects in Offspring of Chinese Pregnant Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Birth Defect Co-Occurrence Patterns Among Infants With Cleft Lip and/or Palate.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2022Article
- Twinning rates in Chennai, India - A cross-sectional study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2018.Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002) · 2022Article
- The spectrum of brain malformations and disruptions in twins.American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2021Article
- Birth defects surveillance after assisted reproductive technology in Beijing: a whole of population-based cohort study.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Assisted reproductive technology and birth defects in a Chinese birth cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2021Article
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2017.Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTwinning has been associated with many types of birth defects, although previous studies have had inconsistent findings. Many studies lack information about potential confounders, particularly use of fertility treatment. Our objective was to assess the association between twinning and birth defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS).
methodsWe used data from the NBDPS, a population-based, case-control study of major birth defects in the USA, to evaluate associations between twinning and birth defects. The study population included mothers of twin and singleton controls (live-born infants without major birth defects), and cases (fetuses or infants with a major birth defect) born October 1997-December 2007. Adjusted ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using multivariable logistic regression stratified by use of fertility treatment. Twin sex-pairing data and a simulation approach were used to estimate the zygosity of twins.
resultsIn the unassisted conception stratum, we observed significant positive associations between twinning and 29 of 45 defect groups. The largest effect estimates were observed for multiple ventricular septal defects and cloacal exstrophy. Among mothers reporting any use of fertility treatments, we observed a significant association with twinning for 5 of 25 defect groups, with the largest effect estimates for hypoplastic left heart syndrome and omphalocele. OR estimates in the estimated monozygotic stratum were generally further from the null than in the dizygotic stratum.
conclusionsCompared with singletons, a wide range of birth defects are significantly more common among twins. Birth defect risk in twins may be differential by use of fertility treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.