Trial reportJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2016
Low-Dose Oral Cyclophosphamide and Methotrexate Maintenance for Hormone Receptor-Negative Early Breast Cancer: International Breast Cancer Study Group Trial 22-00.
Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00022516 (Low-dose Cytotoxics as "Anti-angiogenesis Treatment" Following Adjuvant Induction Chemotherapy for Patients With ER-negative and PgR-negative Breast Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Low-dose Cytotoxics as "Anti-angiogenesis Treatment" Following Adjuvant Induction Chemotherapy for Patients With ER-negative and PgR-negative Breast Cancer
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- CDK12 promotes tumorigenesis but induces vulnerability to therapies inhibiting folate one-carbon metabolism in breast cancer.Nature communications · 2022Trial
- Treatment Exposure and Discontinuation in the PALbociclib CoLlaborative Adjuvant Study of Palbociclib With Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Hormone Receptor-Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Early Breast Cancer (PALLAS/AFT-05/ABCSG-42/BIG-14-03).Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a powerful prognostic marker in patients with triple-negative breast cancer enrolled in the IBCSG phase III randomized clinical trial 22-00.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2016Trial
- Female breast cancer survivor narratives on paths to healing after the conclusion of primary treatment: A qualitative study.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Role of immunosuppressive JNK pathway in the tumor microenvironment among TNBC subtypes in IBCSG trial 22-00.iScience · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Metronomic chemotherapy in pediatric neuroblastoma.Pediatric discovery · 2024Review
- Review
- Nanoformulations-Based Metronomic Chemotherapy: Mechanism, Challenges, Recent Advances, and Future Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Metronomic Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer Treatment: Clinical and Preclinical Data between Lights and Shadows.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Metronomic Chemotherapy for Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Precision Breast Cancer Medicine: Early Stage Triple Negative Breast Cancer-A Review of Molecular Characterisation, Therapeutic Targets and Future Trends.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Estrogen receptor-low breast cancer: Biology chaos and treatment paradox.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2021Review
- Updated Standardized Definitions for Efficacy End Points (STEEP) in Adjuvant Breast Cancer Clinical Trials: STEEP Version 2.0.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2021Article
- Metronomic Chemotherapy.Cancers · 2021Review
- Methotrexate inhibits SARS-CoV-2 virus replication "in vitro".Journal of medical virology · 2021Article
- Metronomic chemotherapy offsets HIFα induction upon maximum-tolerated dose in metastatic cancers.EMBO molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Metronomic chemotherapy of cyclophosphamide plus methotrexate for advanced breast cancer: Real-world data analyses and experience of one center.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Marco ColleoniMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania. marco.colleoni@ieo.it.
Kathryn P GrayMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Shari GelberMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
István LángMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Beat ThürlimannMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Lorenzo GianniMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Ehtesham A AbdiMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Henry L GomezMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Barbro K LinderholmMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Fabio PuglisiMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Carlo TondiniMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Elena KralidisMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Alexandru EniuMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Katia CagossiMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Daniel RauchMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Jacquie ChirgwinMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Richard D GelberMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Meredith M ReganMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Alan S CoatesMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Karen N PriceMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Giuseppe VialeMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Aron GoldhirschMarco Colleoni, Giuseppe Viale, and Aron Goldhirsch, European Institute of Oncology; Giuseppe Viale, University of Milan, Milan; Lorenzo Gianni, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini; Fabio Puglisi, University Hospital of Udine, University of Udine, Udine; Carlo Tondini, Osp. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo; Katia Cagossi, Ospedale di Carpi, Carpi, Italy; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, Meredith M. Regan, and Karen N. Price, International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center; Kathryn P. Gray, Shari Gelber, Richard D. Gelber, and Meredith M. Regan, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Kathryn P. Gray and Richard D. Gelber, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Richard D. Gelber and Meredith M. Regan, Harvard Medical School; Richard D. Gelber and Karen N. Price, Frontier Science and Technology Foundation, Boston, MA; István Láng, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Beat Thürlimann, Kantonsspital, St Gallen; Beat Thürlimann, Elena Kralidis, and Daniel Rauch, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern; Elena Kralidis, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau; Daniel Rauch, Spital Thun, Thun, Switzerland; Ehtesham A. Abdi, The Tweed Head Hospital, Tweed Heads, New South Wales and Griffith University, Southport, Queensland; Ehtesham A. Abdi and Jacquie Chirgwin, Australia and New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group; Jacquie Chirgwin, Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria; Alan S. Coates, International Breast Cancer Study Group and University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Henry L. Gomez, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru; Barbro K. Linderholm, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Alexandru Eniu, Cancer Institute Ion Chiricuta, Cluj, Romania.
Ospedale San Giuseppe · IT
Funding
IBCSG STATISTICAL CENTER--A BREAST CANCER STUDY RESOURCEU24CA075362 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INSTITUTE · PI REGAN, MEREDITH M · 1997 to 2015
$7.5MNCI NIH HHS U24 CA075362
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the benefit of low-dose cyclophosphamide and methotrexate (CM) maintenance, which previously demonstrated antitumor activity and few adverse effects in advanced breast cancer, in early breast cancer. PATIENTS AND
methodsInternational Breast Cancer Study Group (IBCSG) Trial 22-00, a randomized phase III clinical trial, enrolled 1,086 women (1,081 intent-to-treat) from November 2000 to December 2012. Women with estrogen receptor- and progesterone receptor-negative (< 10% positive cells by immunohistochemistry) early breast cancer any nodal and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, were randomly assigned anytime between primary surgery and 56 days after the first day of last course of adjuvant chemotherapy to CM maintenance (cyclophosphamide 50 mg/day orally continuously and methotrexate 2.5 mg twice/day orally on days 1 and 2 of every week for 1 year) or to no CM. The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS), which included invasive recurrences, second (breast and nonbreast) malignancies, and deaths.
resultsAfter a median of 6.9 years of follow-up, DFS was not significantly better for patients assigned to CM maintenance compared with patients assigned to no CM, both overall (hazard ratio [HR], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.66 to 1.06;P = .14) and in triple-negative (TN) disease (n = 814; HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.06). Patients with TN, node-positive disease had a nonstatistically significant reduced HR (n = 340; HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.49 to 1.05). Seventy-one (13%) of 542 patients assigned to CM maintenance did not start CM. Of 473 patients who received at least one CM maintenance dose (including two patients assigned to no CM), 64 (14%) experienced a grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse event; elevated serum transaminases was the most frequently reported (7%), followed by leukopenia (2%).
conclusionCM maintenance did not produce a significant reduction in DFS events in hormone receptor-negative early breast cancer. The trend toward benefit observed in the TN, node-positive subgroup supports additional exploration of this strategy in the TN, higher-risk population.
Indexed as
AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsChemotherapy, AdjuvantCyclophosphamideDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansMethotrexateMiddle AgedTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsYoung AdultCyclophosphamideMethotrexate
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Registered trials
NCT00022516ClinicalTrials.gov
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