Trial reportPsychopharmacology2016
Relative reinforcing efficacy of cigarettes as a predictor of smoking abstinence among treatment-seeking smokers.
Trial report in Psychopharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sensitivity of hypothetical purchase task indices when studying substance use: A systematic literature review.Preventive medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Behavioral economic tobacco demand in relation to cigarette consumption and nicotine dependence: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional relationships.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2019Pooled it
- Do lab-based assessments of pretreatment smoking reinforcement and cue-specific craving predict smoking cessation with varenicline?Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025Trial
- Effects of episodic future thinking on reinforcement pathology during smoking cessation treatment among individuals with substance use disorders.Psychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Effects of varenicline versus transdermal nicotine replacement therapy on cigarette demand on quit day in individuals with substance use disorders.Psychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Gimmie the Gummies: Initial validation of the Edibles Marijuana Purchase Task.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A further examination of the validity of assessing demand intensity using the Cigarette Purchase Task.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Delay, Doubt and Dollars: Exploring Delay and Probability Discounting of Free and Paid HIV Vaccines among Sexual and Gender Minorities.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Demand for heroin in rats: effects of non-drug alternative substitutes and complements.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Applying a behavioral economic approach to understanding smoking processes: The indirect effect of past quit experiences.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- [Application of the cigarette purchase tasks in achieving China' s tobacco control goals].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2024Article
- Cannabis demand and use among veterans: A prospective examination.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2023Article
- The Cigarillo Purchase Task: A Qualitative Analysis.Health behavior research · 2023Article
- Notes on demand: Conceptual and empirical benefits of applying Rachlin's discounting equation to demand data.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2023Article
- Hyperbolic discounting and exponentiated demand: Modeling demand for cigarettes in three dimensions.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2023Article
- Anhedonia modulates benzodiazepine and opioid demand among persons in treatment for opioid use disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Using crowdsourcing to study the differential effects of cross-drug withdrawal for cigarettes and opioids in a behavioral economic demand framework.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- No evidence of the clinical utility of single-item breakpoint to inform on tobacco demand in persons with substance use disorders.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Effects of acute distress and tobacco cues on tobacco demand.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Behavioral economic measurement of cigarette demand: A descriptive review of published approaches to the cigarette purchase task.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleRelative reinforcing efficacy (RRE) is a core feature of behavioral economic theories of addiction. A measure of RRE in smokers is the cigarette purchase task (CPT). Only one previous study has assessed whether CPT indices predict treatment outcomes among smokers with substance use disorders (SUDs) who were not motivated to quit smoking, limiting the generalizability of the results.
objectivesThis study was aimed at exploring demand indices as predictors of smoking abstinence among participants receiving a cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) combined with contingency management (CM) versus CBT alone. It also sought to validate the CPT as a measure of RRE.
methodsParticipants were 159 (62.3 % women) smokers aged 44.8 (SD 12.6) years randomized to CBT alone or combined with CM. They smoked an average of 21.1 (SD 8.5) cigarettes per day, and their mean score on the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was 5.5 (SD 1.9). Demand indices were generated from a hypothetical CPT assessed at baseline.
resultsSmoking levels were high (≥20 cigarettes) at prices of up to €0.10 per cigarette. Elasticity was the only index that predicted smoking abstinence at the end of treatment, but only in the CBT + CM condition. The variance explained by elasticity was 6.8 % in the independent model and 4.6 % in the covariate model. Cigarette demand indices and smoking-related measures were significantly associated.
conclusionThis is the first research showing that CPT is a valid measure of CM outcome among treatment-seeking smokers. This study also provides evidence of convergent validity for the CPT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.