ArticleJournal of lipid research2016
Formation of chlorinated lipids post-chlorine gas exposure.
Article in Journal of lipid research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of adducts formed between phosphatidylcholine and mustard agents.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- A human airway-on-a-chip microphysiological system for modeling chlorine gas toxicity.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- 2-chlorofatty acid modification of neutrophil proteins: identification, localization and role in NETosis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Novel chlorinated phospholipids-possible biomarkers of chlorine gas exposure.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- The long road to Ithaca: a physiologist's journey.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2025Review
- 2-Chloro- and 2-Bromopalmitic acids inhibit mitochondrial function in airway epithelial cells.Advances in redox research · 2025Article
- Myocardial SERCA2 Protects Against Cardiac Damage and Dysfunction Caused by Inhaled Bromine.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2024Article
- Recapitulation of human pathophysiology and identification of forensic biomarkers in a translational model of chlorine inhalation injury.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- Establishing Population Values for Chlorine Exposure in the United States (2015-2016) Using 2 Chlorine Biomarkers, 3-Chlorotyrosine and 3,5-Dichlorotyrosine.The journal of applied laboratory medicine · 2024Article
- Verification of chlorine exposure via LC-MS/MS analysis of base hydrolyzed chlorophenols from chlorotyrosine-protein adducts.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2024Article
- Countermeasures against Pulmonary Threat Agents.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2024Review
- Lipid biology of plasmalogen-derived halolipids: Signature molecules of myeloperoxidase and eosinophil peroxidase activity.Redox biochemistry and chemistry · 2023Article
- Characterization of N-Acetyl Cysteine Adducts with Exogenous and Neutrophil-Derived 2-Chlorofatty Aldehyde.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Myeloperoxidase-derived hypochlorous acid targets human airway epithelial plasmalogens liberating protein modifying electrophilic 2-chlorofatty aldehydes.Redox biology · 2023Article
- Influence of Chlorinating Agents on the Formation of Stable Biomarkers in Hair for the Retrospective Verification of Exposure.Analytical chemistry · 2022Article
- Elucidation of in Vitro Chlorinated Tyrosine Adducts in Blood Plasma as Selective Biomarkers of Chlorine Exposure.Chemical research in toxicology · 2022Article
- Endothelial Cell Protein Targeting by Myeloperoxidase-Derived 2-Chlorofatty Aldehyde.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Halogen-Induced Chemical Injury to the Mammalian Cardiopulmonary Systems.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Review
- Toxic effects of chlorine gas and potential treatments: a literature review.Toxicology mechanisms and methods · 2021Review
- Halogen gas exposure: toxic effects on the parturient.Toxicology mechanisms and methods · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Exposure to chlorine (Cl2) gas can occur during accidents and intentional release scenarios. However, biomarkers that specifically indicate Cl2 exposure and Cl2-derived products that mediate postexposure toxicity remain unclear. We hypothesized that chlorinated lipids (Cl-lipids) formed by direct reactions between Cl2 gas and plasmalogens serve as both biomarkers and mediators of post-Cl2 gas exposure toxicities. The 2-chloropalmitaldehyde (2-Cl-Pald), 2-chlorostearaldehyde (2-Cl-Sald), and their oxidized products, free- and esterified 2-chloropalmitic acid (2-Cl-PA) and 2-chlorostearic acid were detected in the lungs and plasma of mouse and rat models of Cl2 gas exposure. Levels of Cl-lipids were highest immediately post-Cl2 gas exposure, and then declined over 72 h with levels remaining 20- to 30-fold higher at 24 h compared with baseline. Glutathione adducts of 2-Cl-Pald and 2-Cl-Sald also increased with levels peaking at 4 h in plasma. Notably, 3-chlorotyrosine also increased after Cl2 gas exposure, but returned to baseline within 24 h. Intranasal administration of 2-Cl-PA or 2-Cl-Pald at doses similar to those formed in the lung after Cl2 gas exposure led to increased distal lung permeability and inflammation and systemic endothelial dysfunction characterized by loss of eNOS-dependent vasodilation. These data suggest that Cl-lipids could serve as biomarkers and mediators for Cl2 gas exposure and toxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.