Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27324319›Full record

ArticleSpinal cord2016

A non-invasive method to produce pressure ulcers of varying severity in a spinal cord-injured rat model.

A K Ahmed, C R Goodwin, R Sarabia-Estrada, F Lay, A M Ansari, C Steenbergen, C Pang, R Cohen, L J Born, A E Matsangos and 7 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Spinal cord, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Experimental animal modelling for pressure injury: A systematic review.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2021
    Review
  5. Noninvasive staging of pressure ulcers using photoacoustic imaging.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

A K AhmedDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
C R GoodwinDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
R Sarabia-EstradaDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
F LayDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
A M AnsariDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
C SteenbergenDepartment of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
C PangDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
R CohenDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
L J BornDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
A E MatsangosDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
C NgDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
G P MartiDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
N Abu-BonsrahDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
N A PhillipsDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
I SukDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
D M SciubbaDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J W HarmonDepartment of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Johns Hopkins Medicine · USJohns Hopkins University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

designExperimental study.

objectivesThe objective of this study was to establish a non-invasive model to produce pressure ulcers of varying severity in animals with spinal cord injury (SCI).

settingThe study was conducted at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

methodsA mid-thoracic (T7-T9) left hemisection was performed on Sprague-Dawley rats. At 7 days post SCI, rats received varying degrees of pressure on the left posterior thigh region. Laser Doppler Flowmetry was used to record blood flow. Animals were killed 12 days after SCI. A cardiac puncture was performed for blood chemistry, and full-thickness tissue was harvested for histology.

resultsDoppler blood flow after SCI prior to pressure application was 237.808±16.175 PFUs at day 7. Following pressure application, there was a statistically significant decrease in blood flow in all pressure-applied groups in comparison with controls with a mean perfusion of 118.361±18.223 (P<0.001). White blood cell counts and creatine kinase for each group were statistically significant from the control group (P=0.0107 and P=0.0028, respectively).

conclusionsWe have created a novel animal model of pressure ulcer formation in the setting of a SCI. Histological analysis revealed different stages of injury corresponding to the amount of pressure the animals were exposed to with decreased blood flow immediately after the insult along with a subsequent marked increase in blood flow the next day, conducive to an ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and a possible inflammatory response following tissue injury. Following ischemia and hypoxia secondary to microcirculation impairment, free radicals generate lipid peroxidation, leading to ischemic tissue damage. Future studies should be aimed at measuring free radicals during this period of increased blood flow, following tissue ischemia.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalAnimalsBlood Chemical AnalysisCreatine KinaseFemaleLaser-Doppler FlowmetryLeukocyte CountPressurePressure UlcerRats, Sprague-DawleyRegional Blood FlowSpinal Cord InjuriesThoracic VertebraeCreatine Kinase

Identifiers

PMID27324319
OpenAlexW2461738156

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.