SynthesisOncotarget2016
Tobacco smoking and methylation of genes related to lung cancer development.
Synthesis in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Appraising the causal relevance of DNA methylation for risk of lung cancer.International journal of epidemiology · 2019Pooled it
- Inherited genetic risk factors in young-onset lung cancer.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Is Male Infertility an Early Warning of More Serious Diseases?Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Bibliometrics and potential gene analysis of post-translational modifications in lung cancer.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Environmental Xenobiotics and Epigenetic Modifications: Implications for Human Health and Disease.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- The correlation between cumulative cigarette consumption and infarction-related coronary spasm in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction across different age groups.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tobacco Control Policy in India: Progress and Challenges Quantified Using the Tobacco Control Scale.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- Analysis of clinical characteristics and prognosis of lung cancer patients with CPFE or COPD: a retrospective study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- GPS2 ameliorates cigarette smoking-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling by modulating the ras-Raf-ERK axis.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- A prospective study of smoking-related white blood cell DNA methylation markers and risk of bladder cancer.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Driver and actionable mutations in younger patients with lung cancer - are we searching properly?Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia · 2023Article
- The effects of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking on salty taste preferences based on Korean Community Health Survey data.Nutrition research and practice · 2023Article
- [Peripheral bloodNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2023Article
- Genes and the Environment in Cancer: Focus on Environmentally Induced DNA Methylation Changes.Cancers · 2023Article
- Mechanisms Contributing to the Comorbidity of COPD and Lung Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Nomogram including indirect bilirubin for the prediction of post-stroke depression at 3 months after mild acute ischemic stroke onset.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- DNA and histone modifications as potent diagnostic and therapeutic targets to advance non-small cell lung cancer management from the perspective of 3P medicine.The EPMA journal · 2022Review
- Review
- The Role of Vti1a in Biological Functions and Its Possible Role in Nervous System Disorders.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
- CBX3 Regulated By YBX1 Promotes Smoking-induced Pancreatic Cancer Progression via Inhibiting SMURF2 Expression.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and cigarette smoking is the major environmental hazard for its development. This study intended to examine whether smoking could alter methylation of genes at lung cancer risk loci identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs). By systematic literature review, we selected 75 genomic candidate regions based on 120 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). DNA methylation levels of 2854 corresponding cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) candidates in whole blood samples were measured by the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation450 Beadchip array in two independent subsamples of the ESTHER study. After correction for multiple testing, we successfully confirmed associations with smoking for one previously identified CpG site within the KLF6 gene and identified 12 novel sites located in 7 genes: STK32A, TERT, MSH5, ACTA2, GATA3, VTI1A and CHRNA5 (FDR <0.05). Current smoking was linked to a 0.74% to 2.4% decrease of DNA methylation compared to never smoking in 11 loci, and all but one showed significant associations (FDR <0.05) with life-time cumulative smoking (pack-years). In conclusion, our study demonstrates the impact of tobacco smoking on DNA methylation of lung cancer related genes, which may indicate that lung cancer susceptibility genes might be regulated by methylation changes in response to smoking. Nevertheless, this mechanism warrants further exploration in future epigenetic and biomarker studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.