ArticleOncotarget2016
IL-2 and IL-6 cooperate to enhance the generation of influenza-specific CD8 T cells responding to live influenza virus in aged mice and humans.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influenza vaccine-mediated protection in older adults: Impact of influenza infection, cytomegalovirus serostatus and vaccine dosage.Experimental gerontology · 2018Trial
- Immune Responses to a Recombinant Glycoprotein E Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Adults Aged 50 Years or Older.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- A review on the role of IL-6 in the onset and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- Sex differences in Black Veterans with PTSD: women versus men have higher sympathetic activity, inflammation, and blunted cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2023Article
- Impact of patient characteristics on innate immune responses and inflammasome activation inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Hemagglutinin Nanoparticulate Vaccine with Controlled Photochemical Immunomodulation for Pathogenic Influenza-Specific Immunity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Article
- Immunity to acute virus infections with advanced age.Current opinion in virology · 2021Review
- Article
- Granzyme B: a double-edged sword in the response to influenza infection in vaccinated older adults.Frontiers in aging · 2021Article
- Frailty Is Associated With Increased Hemagglutination-Inhibition Titers in a 4-Year Randomized Trial Comparing Standard- and High-Dose Influenza Vaccination.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Functional Metabolomics Analysis Elucidating the Metabolic Biomarker and Key Pathway Change Associated With the Chronic Glomerulonephritis and Revealing Action Mechanism of Rhein.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- The immune response to influenza in older humans: beyond immune senescence.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2020Review
- Coenzyme Q10 in acute influenza.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2019Observational
- Effect of polysaccharides from a Korean ginseng berry on the immunosenescence of aged mice.Journal of ginseng research · 2018Article
- Cytomegalovirus Seropositivity Predicts a Decline in the T Cell But Not the Antibody Response to Influenza in Vaccinated Older Adults Independent of Type 2 Diabetes Status.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2017Article
- Aged-related shifts in T cell homeostasis lead to intrinsic T cell defects.Seminars in immunology · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
An age-related decline in cytolytic activity has been described in CD8+ T cells and we have previously shown that the poor CD8+ effector T cell responses to influenza A/H3N2 challenge result from a decline in the proportion and function of these cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). Here, we describe that addition of exogenous cytokines to influenza-stimulated PBMC from both aged mice and humans, enhances the generation of influenza specific CD8 CTL by increasing their proliferation and survival. Our data show that the addition of IL-2 and IL-6 to splenocytes from mice previously infected with influenza virus restores the aged CD8+ T cell response to that observed in young mice. In humans, IL-2 plus IL-6 also reduces the proportion of apoptotic effector CD8+ T cells to levels resembling those of younger adults. In HLA-A2+ donors, MHC Class I tetramer staining showed that adding both exogenous IL-2 and IL-6 resulted in greater differentiation into influenza-specific effector CD8+ T cells. Since this effect of IL-2/IL-6 supplementation can be reproduced with the addition of Toll-like receptor agonists, it may be possible to exploit this mechanism and design new vaccines to improve the CD8 T cell response to influenza vaccination in older adults.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.