ReviewNutrients2016
Dietary Recommendations for Cyclists during Altitude Training.
Review in Nutrients, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of Quercetin and Citrulline on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Antioxidant Biomarkers in Trained Cyclists.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- The effect of quercetin and citrulline on cycling time trial performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Trial
- Effects of Short-Term Phosphate Loading on Aerobic Capacity under Acute Hypoxia in Cyclists: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Six Weeks of Calorie Restriction Improves Body Composition and Lipid Profile in Obese and Overweight Former Athletes.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Hypoxic Training for Judo: Practices, Perceptions and Education of Judo Athletes and Performance Staff.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Influences of short-term hypobaric hypoxia training on body composition, maximal aerobic power, and pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in healthy young adults: a randomized controlled pilot study.Physical activity and nutrition · 2025Article
- Case Report: Nutrition profile, body mass, sleep quality, and acute mountain sickness symptoms during altitude training in a Paralympic record-breaking athlete and his two guides.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Immune consequences of exercise in hypoxia: A narrative review.Journal of sport and health science · 2024Review
- Non-enzymatic antioxidant blood plasma profile in the period of high training loads of elite speed skaters in the altitude.Sports medicine and health science · 2023Article
- Effect of a four-week isocaloric ketogenic diet on physical performance at very high-altitude: a pilot study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Nutrition and Hydration for High-Altitude Alpinism: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Hepcidin and erythroferrone response to 3 weeks of exposure to normobaric hypoxia at rest in trained cyclists.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Vitamin D deficiency in athletes: Laboratory, clinical and field integration.Asia-Pacific journal of sports medicine, arthroscopy, rehabilitation and technology · 2022Review
- How Do Avalanche Dogs (and Their Handlers) Cope with Physical Exercise? Heart Rate Changes during Endurance in a Snowy Environment.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- The influence of carbohydrate ingestion on peripheral and central fatigue during exercise in hypoxia: A narrative review.European journal of sport science · 2021Review
- Feeding Your Himalayan Expedition: Nutritional Signatures and Body Composition Adaptations of Trekkers and Porters.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Effects of Sprint Interval Training at Different Altitudes on Cycling Performance at Sea-Level.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Antioxidants and Exercise Performance: With a Focus on Vitamin E and C Supplementation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- The effect of intermittent hypoxic exposure on erythropoietic response and hematological variables in elite athletes.Physiological research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The concept of altitude or hypoxic training is a common practice in cycling. However, several strategies for training regimens have been proposed, like "live high, train high" (LH-TH), "live high, train low" (LH-TL) or "intermittent hypoxic training" (IHT). Each of them combines the effect of acclimatization and different training protocols that require specific nutrition. An appropriate nutrition strategy and adequate hydration can help athletes achieve their fitness and performance goals in this unfriendly environment. In this review, the physiological stress of altitude exposure and training will be discussed, with specific nutrition recommendations for athletes training under such conditions. However, there is little research about the nutrition demands of athletes who train at moderate altitude. Our review considers energetic demands and body mass or body composition changes due to altitude training, including respiratory and urinary water loss under these conditions. Carbohydrate intake recommendations and hydration status are discussed in detail, while iron storage and metabolism is also considered. Last, but not least the risk of increased oxidative stress under hypoxic conditions and antioxidant supplementation suggestions are presented.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.