ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2016
IL-15 promotes activation and expansion of CD8+ T cells in HIV-1 infection.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interleukin 6 Blockade With Tocilizumab Diminishes Indices of Inflammation That Are Linked to Mortality in Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Treatment with soluble CD24 attenuates COVID-19-associated systemic immunopathology.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2022Trial
- Cycling CD4+ T cells in HIV-infected immune nonresponders have mitochondrial dysfunction.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Trial
- Thymosin α1-induced secretion of the IL-15/RA complex by THP-1-derived dendritic cells restrains HIV latencyVirulence · 2026Article
- HIV cure: from early therapies to cutting-edge strategies.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells restrain IL-15-mediated cytotoxic and bystander T cell activity in mucosal tissue without compromising antigen-driven memory.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Anti-IL-15 treatment reduces acute lentivirus inflammation and signaling in the brain.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- GNLY+CD8+ T cells bridge premature aging and persistent inflammation in people living with HIV.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Cathepsin L as a dual-target to mitigate muscle wasting while enhancing anti-tumor efficacy of anti-PD-L1.Nature communications · 2025Article
- HIV-1 infection of macrophages differentially primes NK-cell cytotoxicity and proinflammatory cytokine production.iScience · 2025Article
- Latency Reversing Agents and the Road to an HIV CurePathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Bystander CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Naturally arising memory-phenotype CD4Science advances · 2024Article
- Sirolimus reduces T cell cycling, immune checkpoint marker expression, and HIV-1 DNA in people with HIV.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- CD4Trends in cancer · 2024Review
- HIV-1 latency reversal and immune enhancing activity of IL-15 is not influenced by sex hormones.JCI insight · 2024Article
- CCR5 promotes the migration of pathological CD8+ T cells to the leishmanial lesions.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- IL-15 in T-Cell Responses and Immunopathogenesis.Immune network · 2024Review
- Natural Killer Cells and Cytotoxic T Cells: Complementary Partners against Microorganisms and Cancer.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Mechanisms governing bystander activation of T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
23 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In HIV-1-infected patients, increased numbers of circulating CD8+ T cells are linked to increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Here, we identified a bystander mechanism that promotes CD8 T cell activation and expansion in untreated HIV-1-infected patients. Compared with healthy controls, untreated HIV-1-infected patients have an increased population of proliferating, granzyme B+, CD8+ T cells in circulation. Vβ expression and deep sequencing of CDR3 revealed that in untreated HIV-1 infection, cycling memory CD8 T cells possess a broad T cell repertoire that reflects the repertoire of the resting population. This suggests that cycling is driven by bystander activation, rather than specific antigen exposure. Treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with IL-15 induced a cycling, granzyme B+ phenotype in CD8+ T cells. Moreover, elevated IL-15 expression in the lymph nodes of untreated HIV-1-infected patients correlated with circulating CD8+ T cell counts and was normalized in these patients following antiretroviral therapy. Together, these results suggest that IL-15 drives bystander activation of CD8+ T cells, which predicts disease progression in untreated HIV-1-infected patients and suggests that elevated IL-15 may also drive CD8+ T cell expansion that is linked to increased morbidity and mortality in treated patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.