Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27317881›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology2016

Respiratory viruses in young South African children with acute lower respiratory infections and interactions with HIV.

Alicia A Annamalay, Salome Abbott, Chisha Sikazwe, Siew-Kim Khoo, Joelene Bizzintino, Guicheng Zhang, Ingrid Laing, Glenys R Chidlow, David W Smith, James Gern and 4 more

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Article in Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Alicia A AnnamalaySchool of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. Electronic address: alicia.annamalay@uwa.edu.au.
Salome AbbottDivision of Paediatric Pulmonology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Chisha SikazweDivision of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, Australia.
Siew-Kim KhooSchool of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Joelene BizzintinoSchool of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Guicheng ZhangSchool of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
Ingrid LaingSchool of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Glenys R ChidlowDivision of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, Australia.
David W SmithDivision of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, Australia.
James GernUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA.
Jack GoldblattSchool of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Deborah LehmannTelethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Robin J GreenDivision of Paediatric Pulmonology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Peter N Le SouëfSchool of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHuman rhinovirus (RV) is the most common respiratory virus and has been associated with frequent and severe acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI). The prevalence of RV species among HIV-infected children in South Africa is unknown.

objectivesTo describe the prevalence of respiratory viruses, including RV species, associated with HIV status and other clinical symptoms in children less than two years of age with and without ALRI in Pretoria, South Africa. STUDY

designNasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 105 hospitalized ALRI cases and 53 non-ALRI controls less than two years of age. HIV status was determined. Common respiratory viruses were identified by PCR, and RV species and genotypes were identified by semi-nested PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic tree analyses.

resultsRespiratory viruses were more common among ALRI cases than controls (83.8% vs. 69.2%; p=0.041). RV was the most commonly identified virus in cases with pneumonia (45.6%) or bronchiolitis (52.1%), regardless of HIV status, as well as in controls (39.6%). RV-A was identified in 26.7% of cases and 15.1% of controls while RV-C was identified in 21.0% of cases and 18.9% of controls. HIV-infected children were more likely to be diagnosed with pneumonia than bronchiolitis (p<0.01). RSV was not identified in any HIV-infected cases (n=15) compared with 30.6% of HIV-uninfected cases (n=85, p=0.013), and was identified more frequently in bronchiolitis than in pneumonia cases (43.8% vs. 12.3%; p<0.01).

conclusionsRV-A and RV-C are endemic in South African children and HIV infection may be protective against RSV and bronchiolitis.

Indexed as

Child, PreschoolCoinfectionFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMalePicornaviridae InfectionsPrevalenceProspective StudiesRespiratory Tract InfectionsRhinovirusSouth AfricaHIVPneumoniaRespiratory virusRhinovirusSouth AfricaYoung children

Identifiers

PMID27317881
PMCPMC7106452

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.