ArticleBritish journal of anaesthesia2016
Capnogram slope and ventilation dead space parameters: comparison of mainstream and sidestream techniques.
Article in British journal of anaesthesia, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist vs pressure support ventilation: short-term effects on shunt and dead space after cardiac surgery.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Ventilation-perfusion effects of negative-pressure ventilation: insights from an experimental rat model.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- Evaluation of accuracy, filter performance, and durability among capnography sampling lines: a bench study.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Article
- Continuous Capnography and Shorter Duration of Subclinical Hypoxemia During Sedated Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Older Adults: A Multicenter Observer-Blinded Device Evaluation.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Article
- Validation of a method for estimating pulmonary dead space in ventilated beagles to correct exhaled propofol concentration in mixed air.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Relationships between capnogram parameters by mainstream and sidestream techniques at different breathing frequencies.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Automatic detection of COScientific reports · 2024Observational
- Effect of body position on the redistribution of regional lung aeration during invasive and non-invasive ventilation of COVID-19 patients.Scientific reports · 2022Observational
- Carbon Dioxide Sensing-Biomedical Applications to Human Subjects.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Use of capnography to verify emergency ventilator sharing in the COVID-19 era.Respiratory physiology & neurobiology · 2021Article
- Digitization and Analysis of Capnography Using Image Processing Technique.Frontiers in digital health · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Comment on
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCapnography may provide useful non-invasive bedside information concerning heterogeneity in lung ventilation, ventilation-perfusion mismatching and metabolic status. Although the capnogram may be recorded by mainstream and sidestream techniques, the capnogram indices furnished by these approaches have not previously been compared systematically.
methodsSimultaneous mainstream and sidestream time and volumetric capnography was performed in anaesthetized, mechanically ventilated patients undergoing elective heart surgery. Time capnography was used to assess the phase II (SII,T) and III slopes (SIII,T). The volumetric method was applied to estimate phase II (SII,V) and III slopes (SIII,V), together with the dead space values according to the Fowler (VDF), Bohr (VDB), and Enghoff (VDE) methods and the volume of CO2 eliminated per breath ([Formula: see text]). The partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 ([Formula: see text]) was registered.
resultsExcellent correlation and good agreement were observed in SIII,T measured by the mainstream and sidestream techniques [ratio=1.05 (sem 0.16), R(2)=0.92, P<0.0001]. Although the sidestream technique significantly underestimated [Formula: see text] and overestimated SIII,V [1.32 (0.28), R(2)=0.93, P<0.0001], VDF, VDB, and VDE, the agreement between the mainstream and sidestream techniques in the difference between VDE and VDB, reflecting the intrapulmonary shunt, was excellent [0.97 (0.004), R(2)=0.92, P<0.0001]. The [Formula: see text] exhibited good correlation and mild differences between the mainstream and sidestream approaches [0.025 (0.005) kPa].
conclusionsSidestream capnography provides adequate quantitative bedside information about uneven alveolar emptying and ventilation-perfusion mismatching, because it allows reliable assessments of the phase III slope, [Formula: see text] and intrapulmonary shunt. Reliable measurement of volumetric parameters (phase II slope, dead spaces, and eliminated CO2 volumes) requires the application of a mainstream device.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.