ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2016
Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolution and main causes of the rising legionellosis incidence in the United States.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Development of a PCR Assay for the Detection ofInfectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Foresight 2035: a perspective on the next decade of research on the management of Legionella spp. in engineered aquatic environments.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Presence of Viable, Clinically RelevantMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Validating a clinical prediction score for Legionella-related community acquired pneumonia.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Effects of Strigolactone onFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Legionellosis Caused by Non-Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Effects of climate changes and road exposure on the rapidly rising legionellosis incidence rates in the United States.PloS one · 2021Article
- Differences in Virulence BetweenFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledGarden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenic Legionella bacteria. Legionella bacteria were detected in 22 of 177 garden soil samples (12%) by amoebal coculture. Of these 22 Legionella-positive soil samples, seven contained Legionella pneumophila Several other species were found, including the pathogenic Legionella longbeachae (4 gardens) and Legionella sainthelensi (9 gardens). The L. pneumophila isolates comprised 15 different sequence types (STs), and eight of these STs were previously isolated from patients according to the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI) database. Six gardens that were found to be positive for L. pneumophila were resampled after several months, and in three gardens, L. pneumophila was again isolated. One of these gardens was resampled four times throughout the year and was found to be positive for L. pneumophila on all occasions. IMPORTANCE: Tracking the source of infection for sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease (LD) has proven to be hard. L. pneumophila ST47, the sequence type that is most frequently isolated from LD patients in the Netherlands, is rarely found in potential environmental sources. As L. pneumophila ST47 was previously isolated from a garden soil sample during an outbreak investigation, garden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenic Legionella bacteria. The detection of viable, clinically relevant Legionella strains indicates that garden soil is a potential source of Legionella bacteria, and future research should assess the public health implication of the presence of L. pneumophila in garden soil.
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Registered trials
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