ArticleHuman gene therapy. Clinical development2016
Design of a Phase I Clinical Trial to Evaluate M032, a Genetically Engineered HSV-1 Expressing IL-12, in Patients with Recurrent/Progressive Glioblastoma Multiforme, Anaplastic Astrocytoma, or Gliosarcoma.
Article in Human gene therapy. Clinical development, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Application of Oncolytic Viruses: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- The Imbalance Between Tumor Immunosurveillance and Tumor Immune Escape in Glioblastoma.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy for solid tumors in pediatric patients: current breakthroughs, dilemmas, and strategies.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Cellular and Immunotherapy for Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Primer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Advances in oncolytic viruses immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Antitumor activity of Oncolytic Herpes Symplex Virus Type 1 and photodynamic therapy in in vitro preclinical models of glioblastoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus for Glioblastoma: Molecular Engineering, Tumor Microenvironment Barriers, and Clinical Translation.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Oncolytic viruses and cytokine-based gene therapies reprogram the tumor microenvironment.Nature cancer · 2026Review
- Clinical and translational progress in oncolytic virotherapy for pediatric CNS tumors.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic vaccination for glioblastoma elicited by retargeted oncolytic herpes virus.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Cytokine delivery and targeting strategies in pet dogs with cancer: a comparative immuno-oncology approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Quantitative dynamic granzyme B PET imaging to characterize novel combination immunotherapy response in preclinical glioblastoma models.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Recombinant adenoviruses application for cancer vaccines: from genetic design to clinical translation.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Advances and Future Expectations in Oncolytic Virus Therapy for Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2026Review
- Harnessing live vectors for cancer vaccines: Advancing therapeutic immunotherapy.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Review
- Review
- An oncolytic herpes simplex virus armed with IL-12 for treatment of preclinical glioblastoma.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Article
- Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Therapy: Latest Advances, Core Challenges, and Future Outlook.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Advances in the Drug Development and Quality Evaluation Principles of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.Viruses · 2025Review
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
M032 is a second-generation oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) that selectively replicates in tumor cells. M032 kills tumor cells directly through oncolytic replication and then proceeds to infect tumor cells in proximity, continuing the process of tumor destruction. In addition to this direct oncolytic activity, the virus carries a therapeutic payload-thus acting as a gene therapy vector-and causes the tumor cell to synthesize and secrete the immunity-stimulating protein interleukin-12 (IL-12) before cell death. (1) Human IL-12 is expressed and promotes an immune response against surviving tumor cells, increasing the antitumor effect of the therapy. IL-12 also produces an antiangiogenic effect, by interfering with the production of new tumor blood vessels necessary for tumor growth. Thus, M032 oHSV exerts antitumor effects through three distinct potential mechanisms. The virus has also been genetically engineered to minimize toxic effects for the patient. Preclinical animal models support the safety of intracranial inoculation with M032 in two relevant species (mouse and nonhuman primate). This clinical protocol outlines the dose-escalating phase I study for evaluation of M032 in patients with recurrent or progressive malignant glioma.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.