ArticleDrug safety2016
Active Surveillance versus Spontaneous Reporting for First-Line Antiretroviral Medicines in Namibia: A Cost-Utility Analysis.
Article in Drug safety, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- An observational pilot study of an active surveillance tool to enhance pharmacovigilance in Brazil.Malaria journal · 2025Observational
- Underreporting and Triggering Factors for Reporting ADRs of Two Ophthalmic Drugs: A Comparison between Spontaneous Reports and Active Pharmacovigilance Databases.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A bibliometric analysis of global trends in the research field of pharmaceutical care over the past 20 years.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Health service utilisation among African migrants in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Protocol for active safety monitoring of a cohort of patients using a dolutegravir-based antiretroviral regimen in Mozambique.BMJ open · 2021Article
- A Drug Safety Surveillance Study of a Ciprofloxacin/Dexamethasone Ophthalmic Fixed Combination in Peruvian Population.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Real-Life Active Surveillance of a Naphazoline/ Hypromellose Fixed Combination's Safety Profile in Peruvian Population.Integrated pharmacy research & practice · 2021Article
- Ophthalmic Solution Safety Profile: Active Surveillance of a Sodium Hyaluronate/Chondroitin Sulfate Combination in Peruvian Population.Drug, healthcare and patient safety · 2021Article
- Active Pharmacovigilance in Peruvian Population: Surveillance of a Timolol/Brimonidine/Dorzolamide Ophthalmic Fixed Combination.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Improving medication safety in oncology care: impact of clinical pharmacy interventions on optimizing patient safety.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionActive surveillance pharmacovigilance is a systematic approach to medicine safety assessment and health systems strengthening, but has not been widely implemented in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess the cost effectiveness of a national active surveillance pharmacovigilance system for highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) compared with the existing spontaneous reporting system in Namibia.
methodsA cost-utility analysis from a governmental perspective compared active surveillance pharmacovigilance to spontaneous reporting. Data from a sentinel site active surveillance program in Namibia from August 2012 to April 2013 was projected to all HIV-infected adults initiating HAART in Namibia. Costs (pharmacovigilance program, HAART, adverse event [AE] treatment), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs, dollars/QALY) were evaluated. Analysis was completed for (i) cohort analysis: a single cohort beginning HAART in 1 year in Namibia followed over their remaining lifetime, and (ii) population analysis: patients continued to enter and leave care and treatment over 10 years.
resultsFor the cohort analysis, totals were US$21,267,902 (2015 US dollars) and 116,224 QALYs for care and treatment under active surveillance pharmacovigilance versus US$15,257,381 and 116,122 QALYs for care and treatment under spontaneous reporting pharmacovigilance, resulting in an ICER of US$58,867/QALY for active surveillance compared with spontaneous reporting pharmacovigilance. The population analysis ICER was US$4989/QALY. Results were sensitive to quality of life associated with AEs.
conclusionActive surveillance pharmacovigilance was projected to be highly cost effective to improve treatment for HIV in Namibia. Active surveillance pharmacovigilance may be valuable to improve lives of HIV patients and more efficiently allocate health resources in Namibia.
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