ArticleFrontiers in psychology2016
Speed and Lateral Inhibition of Stimulus Processing Contribute to Individual Differences in Stroop-Task Performance.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A qualitative systematic review of individual differences in Stroop task performance among healthy adults.Psychological research · 2026Pooled it
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- Eye-Tracking-Based Digital Therapeutic for ADHD in Children: Development and Preliminary Evaluation of an Adaptive Learning Guide.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Bruxism as a Biopsychosocial Disorder: An Interdisciplinary Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Validation of the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) Lewy Body Disease Module neuropsychological tests.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- Congruency of Information Rather Than Body Ownership Enhances Motor Performance in Highly Embodied Virtual Reality.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Characteristics of the King-Devick test in the assessment of concussed patients in the subacute and later stages after injury.PloS one · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Stroop task is a popular neuropsychological test that measures executive control. Strong Stroop interference is commonly interpreted in neuropsychology as a diagnostic marker of impairment in executive control, possibly reflecting executive dysfunction. However, popular models of the Stroop task indicate that several other aspects of color and word processing may also account for individual differences in the Stroop task, independent of executive control. Here we use new approaches to investigate the degree to which individual differences in Stroop interference correlate with the relative processing speed of word and color stimuli, and the lateral inhibition between visual stimuli. We conducted an electrophysiological and behavioral experiment to measure (1) how quickly an individual's brain processes words and colors presented in isolation (P3 latency), and (2) the strength of an individual's lateral inhibition between visual representations with a visual illusion. Both measures explained at least 40% of the variance in Stroop interference across individuals. As these measures were obtained in contexts not requiring any executive control, we conclude that the Stroop effect also measures an individual's pre-set way of processing visual features such as words and colors. This study highlights the important contributions of stimulus processing speed and lateral inhibition to individual differences in Stroop interference, and challenges the general view that the Stroop task primarily assesses executive control.
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