ArticleGenome research2016
High-throughput functional comparison of promoter and enhancer activities.
Article in Genome research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Rare regulatory mutations disrupt mesenchymal molecular programs driving endocardial cushion formation in bicuspid aortic valve.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A functional overlap between actively transcribed genes and chromatin insulator elements.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
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- 3D-super-enhancers are condensate-associated cis-regulatory communities.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Epromoters bind key stress-related transcription factors to regulate clusters of stress response genes.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Dual promoter-enhancer activities reflect a unified regulatory logic.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Comprehensive evaluation of diverse massively parallel reporter assays to functionally characterize human enhancers genome-wide.Genome biology · 2025Article
- The Chromosome 19 miRNA cluster guards trophoblasts against overacting innate immunity.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Massively parallel reporter assay reveals promoter-, position-, and strand-specific effects in transcription start sites.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Context-dependent regulatory variants in Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Global cis-regulatory landscape of double-stranded DNA viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cardiac enhancers: Gateway to the regulatory mechanisms of heart regeneration.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2025Review
- A novel deep learning framework with dynamic tokenization for identifying chromatin interactions along with motif importance investigation.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Comprehensive mapping of genetic variation at Epromoters reveals pleiotropic association with multiple disease traits.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Just a SNP away: The future ofCell insight · 2025Review
- AnFrontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Review
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Promoters initiate RNA synthesis, and enhancers stimulate promoter activity. Whether promoter and enhancer activities are encoded distinctly in DNA sequences is unknown. We measured the enhancer and promoter activities of thousands of DNA fragments transduced into mouse neurons. We focused on genomic loci bound by the neuronal activity-regulated coactivator CREBBP, and we measured enhancer and promoter activities both before and after neuronal activation. We find that the same sequences typically encode both enhancer and promoter activities. However, gene promoters generate more promoter activity than distal enhancers, despite generating similar enhancer activity. Surprisingly, the greater promoter activity of gene promoters is not due to conventional core promoter elements or splicing signals. Instead, we find that particular transcription factor binding motifs are intrinsically biased toward the generation of promoter activity, whereas others are not. Although the specific biases we observe may be dependent on experimental or cellular context, our results suggest that gene promoters are distinguished from distal enhancers by specific complements of transcriptional activators.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.