ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2016
Gene Expression and Antiviral Activity of Interleukin-35 in Response to Influenza A Virus Infection.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Interleukin-35 in Endothelial Dysfunction: A New Target for Therapeutic Intervention.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Pooled it
- The Framework of Host Innate and Adaptive Immunological Pathways.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Potential of Interleukin (IL)-12 Group as Antivirals: Severe Viral Disease Prevention and Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
- Gut microbiota-derived metabolite 3-idoleacetic acid together with LPS induces IL-35Microbiome · 2022Article
- Interleukin-35: Structure, Function and Its Impact on Immune-Related Diseases.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2021Review
- Current strategies against COVID-19.Chinese medicine · 2020Review
- Review
- Influenza A virus inhibits influenza virus replication by inducing IL-37.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2019Article
- Interleukin-35 Suppresses Antiviral Immune Response in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is a newly described member of the IL-12 family. It has been reported to inhibit inflammation and autoimmune inflammatory disease and can increase apoptotic sensitivity. Little is known about the role of IL-35 during viral infection. Herein, high levels of IL-35 were found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and throat swabs from patients with seasonal influenza A virus (IAV) relative to healthy individuals. IAV infection of human lung epithelial and primary cells increased levels of IL-35 mRNA and protein. Further studies demonstrated that IAV-induced IL-35 transcription is regulated by NF-κB. IL-35 expression was significantly suppressed by selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric-oxide synthase, indicating their involvement in IL-35 expression. Interestingly, IL-35 production may have suppressed IAV RNA replication and viral protein synthesis via induction of type I and III interferons (IFN), leading to activation of downstream IFN effectors, including double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase, and myxovirus resistance protein. IL-35 exhibited extensive antiviral activity against the hepatitis B virus, enterovirus 71, and vesicular stomatitis virus. Our results demonstrate that IL-35 is a novel IAV-inducible cytokine, and its production elicits antiviral activity.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.