ArticleBrain sciences2016
Neuroimmunology of the Interleukins 13 and 4.
Article in Brain sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Selected Interleukins in the Development and Progression of Multiple Sclerosis-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Dysregulated glia and periglomerular cells in the olfactory bulb and altered lipocalins in the olfactory epithelium underlie olfactory dysfunction in a murine model of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Comparative Neuropsychiatric Outcomes of JAK Inhibitors, Dupilumab, and Conventional Immunosuppressants in Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Peripheral immunochemical considerations in Parkinson disease: sources, targets and crosstalk mechanisms.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Interleukin 13 signaling modulates dopaminergic functions and nicotine reward in rodents.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- IL-25-ILC2-IL-13 axis improves traumatic brain injury by mediating CXCL-10-dependent regulation of blood brain barrier integrity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Peripheral inflammation mediates cognitive deficits in drug-naive schizophrenia through hippocampal-thalamo-visual circuitry dysfunction.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The potential of targeted IL-4 therapy for the comorbidity of atopic dermatitis and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children via the skin-brain axis.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Article
- Development of a High-throughput Morphological Assay for Evaluating Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicle Modulation of Brain Pericyte Secretory Phenotype.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Article
- Genetic Variants in CytokinesLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A genome-wide pleiotropy study between atopic dermatitis and neuropsychiatric disorders.Human genomics · 2025Article
- Association between maternal anxiety/depression in pregnancy and the development of offspring eczema/AD: a meta-analysis based on cohort studies.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- New insights into the molecular biology of Alzheimer's-like cerebral amyloidosis achieved through multi-omics approaches.PloS one · 2025Article
- Neuroprotective effect of L-DOPA-induced interleukin-13 on striatonigral degeneration in cerebral ischemia.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Cytokine dysregulation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Role of NADPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Concordant and Discordant Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Responses in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- A backpack-based myeloid cell therapy for multiple sclerosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Stress-Related Immune Response and Selenium Status in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Neurogenesis is disrupted in human hippocampal progenitor cells upon exposure to serum samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The cytokines interleukin 13 and 4 share a common heterodimeric receptor and are important modulators of peripheral allergic reactions. Produced primarily by T-helper type 2 lymphocytes, they are typically considered as anti-inflammatory cytokines because they can downregulate the synthesis of T-helper type 1 pro-inflammatory cytokines. Their presence and role in the brain is only beginning to be investigated and the data collected so far shows that these molecules can be produced by microglial cells and possibly by neurons. Attention has so far been given to the possible role of these molecules in neurodegeneration. Both neuroprotective or neurotoxic effects have been proposed based on evidence that interleukin 13 and 4 can reduce inflammation by promoting the M2 microglia phenotype and contributing to the death of microglia M1 phenotype, or by potentiating the effects of oxidative stress on neurons during neuro-inflammation. Remarkably, the heterodimeric subunit IL-13Rα1 of their common receptor was recently demonstrated in dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area and the substantia nigra pars compacta, suggesting the possibility that both cytokines may affect the activity of these neurons regulating reward, mood, and motor coordination. In mice and man, the gene encoding for IL-13Rα1 is expressed on the X chromosome within the PARK12 region of susceptibility to Parkinson's disease (PD). This, together with finding that IL-13Rα1 contributes to loss of dopaminergic neurons during inflammation, indicates the possibility that these cytokines may contribute to the etiology or the progression of PD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.