ReviewFrontiers in molecular neuroscience2016
Detection and Characterization of Autoantibodies to Neuronal Cell-Surface Antigens in the Central Nervous System.
Review in Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuronal Antibodies in Patients With Atypical Parkinsonism.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Observational
- Autoimmune Encephalitis as Treatment-Responsive Cause of Rapidly Progressive Dementia: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.Neurology · 2026Observational
- Novel methods for neural IgG characterization and validation in autoimmune neurologic disorders.Journal of immunological methods · 2026Review
- Movement Disorders in Antibody-Associated Neurologic Diseases: A Nationwide Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Observational
- Testing for neural antibodies in autoimmune encephalitis: who, what, where, when, why, and how.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Yield of Anti-Neuronal Antibody Testing in Patients Suspected of an Infectious Encephalitis.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Neuronal Autoantibodies in Adults After Community-Acquired Bacterial Meningitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Observational
- Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes: A Nationwide Study on Epidemiology and Antibody Testing Performance.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Cell-based vs enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of anti-Tribbles homolog 2 autoantibodies in Chinese patients with narcolepsy.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2024Article
- Mimics of Autoimmune Encephalitis: Validation of the 2016 Clinical Autoimmune Encephalitis Criteria.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Antibody-Negative Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Antibodies Associated With Autoimmune Encephalitis in Patients With Presumed Neurodegenerative Dementia.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Parasitic, bacterial, viral, immune-mediated, metabolic and nutritional factors associated with nodding syndrome.Brain communications · 2023Article
- Coexistence of anti-SOX1 and anti-GABAB receptor antibodies with paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis presenting with seizures and memory impairment in small cell lung cancer: A case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) Encephalitis in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Analysis of Reported Cases.Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent · 2021Article
- No Evidence for the Involvement of Leiomodin-1 Antibodies in the Pathogenesis of Onchocerciasis-Associated Epilepsy.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Critical Analysis of a Challenging Case of Post-Infectious N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis.The Neurohospitalist · 2021Article
- Immunophenotypical characterization of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome patients: a multicentric study.Journal of biosciences · 2021Article
- Article
- A Patient with Double-Negative VGKC, Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability, and Central Nervous System Symptoms: A Postinfectious Autoimmune Disease.Case reports in neurological medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a group of disorders in which autoantibodies directed at antigens located on the plasma membrane of neurons induce severe neurological symptoms. In contrast to classical paraneoplastic disorders, AIE patients respond well to immunotherapy. The detection of neuronal surface autoantibodies in patients' serum or CSF therefore has serious consequences for the patients' treatment and follow-up and requires the availability of sensitive and specific diagnostic tests. This mini-review provides a guideline for both diagnostic and research laboratories that work on the detection of known surface autoantibodies and/or the identification of novel surface antigens. We discuss the strengths and pitfalls of different techniques for anti-neuronal antibody detection: (1) Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence on rat/primate brain sections; (2) Immunocytochemistry (ICC) of living cultured hippocampal neurons; and (3) Cell Based Assay (CBA). In addition, we discuss the use of immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis for the detection of novel neuronal surface antigens, which is a crucial step in further disease classification and the development of novel CBAs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.