SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2016
The incidence, clearance and persistence of non-cervical human papillomavirus infections: a systematic review of the literature.
Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Affecting Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Men: Systematic Review.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Pooled it
- Reported oral and anal sex among adolescents and adults reporting heterosexual sex in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.Reproductive health · 2019Pooled it
- Penile HPV prevalence among high-risk men in Sri Lanka: baseline insight for HPV prevention strategies in a lower-middle-income country.Infectious agents and cancer · 2026Article
- Local and systemic immune correlates of anal high-risk HPV infection and clearance in men living with HIV and men at high risk for HIV.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Etiologic fraction of HPV-attributed anal and penile squamous cell carcinoma: study in specialized hospitals, Sri Lanka.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of HPV vaccination of men who have sex with men in Germany.Infection · 2025Article
- Trends of Anogenital Warts: A 32-Year Retrospective Observational Study (Italy, 1991-2022).Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence and incidence of human papilloma virus-related dysplasia of oropharyngeal, cervical, and anal mucosae in Spanish people with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Observational
- Article
- Concomitant Cervical and Anal Screening for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV): Worth the Effort or a Waste of Time?Cancers · 2024Article
- Oncogenic Oral Human Papillomavirus Clearance Patterns over 10 Years.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Genital and Oral HPV Geno-Prevalence Measured through Urine and Saliva Samples in Young Adults in Italy.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Prevalence, persistence, clearance and risk factors for HPV infection in rural Uyghur women in China.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Vaccine Effectiveness Against 12-Month Incident and Persistent Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Type-specific concurrent anogenital HPV detection among young women and MSM attending Dutch sexual health clinics.Sexually transmitted infections · 2022Article
- Article
- Incidence and clearance of oral and cervicogenital HPV infection: longitudinal analysis of the MHOC cohort study.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Influence of sex on survival rates of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Factors associated with intention of human papillomavirus vaccination among Chinese college students: implications for health promotion.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Clinical Effects of Oral Bacteriotherapy on Anal HPV Infection and Related Dysplasia in HIV-Positive MSM: Results from the "HPVinHIV" Trial.Biomedicines · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines were designed to prevent cervical cancer in women and their provision remains a major public health need. However, HPV is also a major cause of non-cervical anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers and the potential benefit of vaccination likely extends beyond cervical cancer.
methodsA systematic literature search of PubMed (1995-2014) identified publications assessing the incidence, persistence, and clearance of non-cervical anogenital/oral HPV infections. Comparability with cervical HPV was assessed by identifying articles assessing the same or similar populations.
resultsAvailable data suggest high incidence rates of non-cervical HPV infection in men and women, with HPV-16 predominating in all sites. The incidence of high risk HPV per 100 person-years ranged from 11.4 to 72.9 for penile infections, 6.7-47.9 at other male genital sites, and 4.4-36.7 and 5.3-23.4 for anal infections in men and women, respectively. The incidence per 100 person-years of oral infection with any HPV type ranged from 5.7 to 6.7 in men and 6.8-39.6 in women. Within the limitations of the data, there was a general pattern of higher incidence and clearance of non-cervical genital HPV infections, compared to cervical infections. HIV status, circumcision, number of sex partners and partner HPV status significantly influenced high-risk HPV incidence/clearance at male anogenital sites. Few studies assessed risk factors for oral HPV.
conclusionsParallels appear to exist between the epidemiology of cervical and non-cervical HPV infections in terms of incidence, HPV-type distribution, and risk factors for infection. Available data suggest that non-cervical genital HPV infections may occur more frequently, with higher clearance rates, than cervical infections. More extensive studies could provide useful information for estimating vaccine impact, the wider cost-benefit of HPV vaccination, and guiding vaccination policy.
trial registrationNot applicable, as systematic review of the literature.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.