ArticleImmunology and cell biology2016
Plasmin and regulators of plasmin activity control the migratory capacity and adhesion of human T cells and dendritic cells by regulating cleavage of the chemokine CCL21.
Article in Immunology and cell biology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fibrinolysis Resistance After Injury Is a Risk Factor for a Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia-Like Disease Pattern.Surgical infections · 2024Trial
- uPA-mediated remodeling of CCL21 gradients regulates lymphatic migration of dendritic cells.The Journal of cell biology · 2026Article
- An Exploratory Study of the Impact of a CCL21-Derived C-Terminal Peptide on Dendritic Cell Lymph Node Homing.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Pathogenic and Regulatory Roles of Fibrinolytic Factors in Autoimmune Diseases.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 Limits CCL21-Induced T Cell Migration via Phospholipase Cγ1.Receptors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Chemokine Receptor N-Terminus Charge Dictates Reliance on Post-Translational Modifications for Effective Ligand Capture and Following Boosting by Defense Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Heparin Specifically Interacts with Basic BBXB Motifs of the Chemokine CCL21 to Define CCR7 Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Leukocyte Trafficking in Lymphatic Vessels.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2022Review
- α2-Antiplasmin as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Systemic Sclerosis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Immunomodulation in the Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Selective Boosting of CCR7-Acting Chemokines; Short Peptides Boost Chemokines with Short Basic Tails, Longer Peptides Boost Chemokines with Long Basic Tails.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Roles of the tissue-type plasminogen activator in immune response.Cellular immunology · 2022Review
- The C-terminal peptide of CCL21 drastically augments CCL21 activity through the dendritic cell lymph node homing receptor CCR7 by interaction with the receptor N-terminus.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Article
- The Role of the C-Terminal Lysine of S100P in S100P-Induced Cell Migration and Metastasis.Biomolecules · 2021Article
- Neuroserpin: structure, function, physiology and pathology.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Dendritic Cells and CCR7 Expression: An Important Factor for Autoimmune Diseases, Chronic Inflammation, and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Scavenging of soluble and immobilized CCL21 by ACKR4 regulates peripheral dendritic cell emigration.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Plasmin and Plasminogen System in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy.Cancers · 2021Review
- Tissue plasminogen activator worsens experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by complementary actions on lymphoid and myeloid cell responses.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Live-Cell Microscopy Reveals That Human T Cells Primarily Respond Chemokinetically Within a CCL19 Gradient That Induces Chemotaxis in Dendritic Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The homeostatic chemokine CCL21 has a pivotal role in lymphocyte homing and compartment localisation within the lymph node, and also affects adhesion between immune cells. The effects of CCL21 are modulated by its mode of presentation, with different cellular responses seen for surface-bound and soluble forms. Here we show that plasmin cleaves surface-bound CCL21 to release the C-terminal peptide responsible for CCL21 binding to glycosaminoglycans on the extracellular matrix and cell surfaces, thereby generating the soluble form. Loss of this anchoring peptide enabled the chemotactic activity of CCL21 and reduced cell tethering. Tissue plasminogen activator did not cleave CCL21 directly but enhanced CCL21 processing through generation of plasmin from plasminogen. The tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor neuroserpin prevented processing of CCL21 and blocked the effects of soluble CCL21 on cell migration. Similarly, the plasmin-specific inhibitor α
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.