Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27299916›Full record

ArticleJournal of medicinal chemistry2016

Identification and SAR Evaluation of Hemozoin-Inhibiting Benzamides Active against Plasmodium falciparum.

Kathryn J Wicht, Jill M Combrinck, Peter J Smith, Roger Hunter, Timothy J Egan

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kathryn J WichtDepartment of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
Jill M CombrinckDepartment of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
Peter J SmithDivision of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , Observatory 7925, South Africa.
Roger HunterDepartment of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
Timothy J EganDepartment of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
University of Cape Town · ZA

Funding

Plasmodium heme detoxification probesR01AI110329 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN · PI EGAN, TIMOTHY JOHN · 2014 to 2018
$668k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI110329
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Quinoline antimalarials target hemozoin formation causing a cytotoxic accumulation of ferriprotoporphyrin IX (Fe(III)PPIX). Well-developed SAR models exist for β-hematin inhibition, parasite activity, and cellular mechanisms for this compound class, but no comparably detailed investigations exist for other hemozoin inhibiting chemotypes. Here, benzamide analogues based on previous HTS hits have been purchased or synthesized. Only derivatives containing an electron deficient aromatic ring and capable of adopting flat conformations, optimal for π-π interactions with Fe(III)PPIX, inhibited β-hematin formation. The two most potent analogues showed nanomolar parasite activity, with little CQ cross-resistance, low cytotoxicity, and high in vitro microsomal stability. Selected analogues inhibited hemozoin formation in Plasmodium falciparum causing high levels of free heme. In contrast to quinolines, introduction of amine side chains did not lead to benzamide accumulation in the parasite. These data reveal complex relationships between heme binding, free heme levels, cellular accumulation, and in vitro activity of potential novel antimalarials.

Indexed as

AntimalarialsBenzamidesDose-Response Relationship, DrugHemeproteinsMolecular StructureParasitic Sensitivity TestsPlasmodium falciparumStructure-Activity RelationshipAntimalarialsBenzamidesHemeproteinshemozoin

Identifiers

PMID27299916
PMCPMC4945415
OpenAlexW2430241467

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.