ArticleScientific reports2016
Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Tear Function and Correlation between Conjunctival Goblet Cells and Tear MUC5AC Concentration in Office Workers.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Occupational exposure to video display terminals: a systematic review of ocular and visual health effects and associated risk factors.Journal of occupational health · 2026Pooled it
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Environmental Drivers of Dry Eye Disease: A Narrative Review of Pollutants, Climate, and Indoor Exposures with Practice Recommendations.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Emerging mechanisms in dry eye disease: apoptosis-associated tear MicroRNAs and toxicant-related alterations of the glycocalyx and lipid rafts.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Association of tobacco smoke exposure with dry-eye symptoms and ocular surface signs.Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal · 2026Article
- New advances in medical management of dry eye: optimizing treatment strategies for enhanced relief.International ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Differences in vulnerability to desiccating stress between corneal and conjunctival epithelium in rabbit models of short-term ocular surface exposure.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Forgotten but not gone: Particulate matter as contaminations of mucosal systems.Biophysics reviews · 2021Review
- The impact of vaping on ocular health: a literature review.International ophthalmology · 2021Review
- The effect of smoking on ocular surface and tear film based on clinical examination and optical coherence tomography.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Dry eye disease and retinal nerve fiber layer changes in chronic smokers.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Defining Dry Eye from a Clinical Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Dry Eye Disease after Cataract Surgery: Study of its Determinants and Risk FactorsTurkish journal of ophthalmology · 2020Observational
- Regional Comparison of Goblet Cell Number and Area in Exposed and Covered Dry Eyes and Their Correlation with Tear MUC5AC.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- DEBS - a unification theory for dry eye and blepharitis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The first aim of this study was to clarify whether cigarette smoking affects tear secretion, goblet cell density, and tear MUC5AC concentration. The second purpose was to evaluate the correlations of conjunctival goblet cell density with tear MUC5AC concentration and other ocular surface evaluation factors. This cross-sectional study included 88 office workers. All subjects were required to fill in dry eye and smoking questionnaires, in addition to ocular surface evaluation. Tear wash fluid was collected from inferior fornix, and conjunctival epithelium was obtained by impression cytology. Tear MUC5AC concentration was quantified using enzyme-linked immunoassay, and conjunctival goblet cell density was counted after Periodic-acid Schiff staining. Tear MUC5AC concentration had significant positive correlation with conjunctival goblet cell density (r = 0.181, P = 0.03). In current smokers, Schirmer I test value, goblet cell density and tear MUC5AC concentration were significantly lower than non-smokers. Pack-years of smoking have significant negative correlation with goblet cell density (r = -0.174, P = 0.036) and tear MUC5AC concentration (r = -0.183, P = 0.028). We concluded that smoking might decrease tear secretion, goblet cell density and tear MUC5AC concentration. In addition, MUC5AC concentration in tears depends on goblet cell density in the conjunctiva among office workers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.