Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27297465›Full record

ArticleFamily practice2016

Contextual barriers to implementation in primary care: an ethnographic study of a programme to improve chronic kidney disease care.

Natalie Armstrong, Georgia Herbert, Liz Brewster

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Family practice, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Implementation of Coach McLungsBMC medical informatics and decision making · 2022
    Trial
  3. Learning from scale-up: a qualitative study of scaling-up interventions for people with multiple long-term conditions in primary care.International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Natalie ArmstrongDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, na144@le.ac.uk.
Georgia HerbertNIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK and.
Liz BrewsterLancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.

Funding

Wellcome Trust WT097899
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundContext is important in implementation-we know that what works in one setting may not work in the same way elsewhere. Primary care has been described as a unique context both in relation to the care delivered and efforts to carry out research and implementation of new evidence.

objectiveTo explore some of the distinctive features of the primary care environment that may influence implementation.

methodsWe conducted an ethnographic study involving observations, interviews and documentary analysis of the ENABLE-CKD project, which involved general practices implementing a chronic kidney disease care bundle and offering self-management support tools to patients. Analysis was based on the constant comparative method.

resultsFour elements of the primary care environment emerged as important influences on the extent to which implementation was successful. First, the nature of delivering care in this setting meant that prioritizing one condition over others was problematic. Second, the lack of alignment with financial and other incentives affected engagement. Third, the project team lacked mechanisms through which engagement could be mandated. Fourth, working relationships within practices impacted on engagement.

conclusionsThose seeking to implement interventions in primary care need to consider the particular context if they are to secure successful implementation. We suggest that there are particular kinds of interventions, which may be best suited to the primary care context.

Indexed as

Work EngagementAnthropology, CulturalGeneral PracticeHealth PrioritiesHumansInterviews as TopicPrimary Health CareQualitative ResearchRenal Insufficiency, ChronicUnited KingdomContextgeneral practiceGreat Britainimplementationprimary health carequalitative research.

Identifiers

PMID27297465
PMCPMC4957013

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.