ArticleInfection and immunity2016
A Subset of Protective γ9δ2 T Cells Is Activated by Novel Mycobacterial Glycolipid Components.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T-Cell Therapy Promotes Pulmonary Lesion Repair: An Open-Label, Single-Arm Pilot Study in Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- BCG vaccination induces antibacterial effector functions among Vδ1/3 T cells that are associated with protection against tuberculosis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in tuberculosis: protective immunity and translational perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Transiently boosting Vγ9+Vδ2+ γδ T cells early in Mtb coinfection of SIV-infected juvenile macaques does not improve Mtb host resistance.Infection and immunity · 2024Article
- A Novel Role for γδ T Cells in Protection Against Severe Melioidosis.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2024Article
- Vaccination with O-linked Mannans Protects against Systemic Candidiasis through Innate Lymphocyte Populations.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Immune mechanisms of granuloma formation in sarcoidosis and tuberculosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- Antigen-specificity measurements are the key to understanding T cell responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Immune cell interactions in tuberculosis.Cell · 2022Review
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) induces superior anti-tumour responses by Vδ2+ T cells compared with the aminobisphosphonate drug zoledronic acid.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Article
- Durable Expansion of TCR-δ Meta-Clonotypes After BCG Revaccination in Humans.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Role of Vγ9vδ2 T lymphocytes in infectious diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Costimulation of γδTCR and TLR7/8 promotes Vδ2 T-cell antitumor activity by modulating mTOR pathway and APC function.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- The role of donor-unrestricted T-cells, innate lymphoid cells, and NK cells in anti-mycobacterial immunity.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- Tumor-infiltrating mast cells are associated with resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Granzyme A Produced by γFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Review
- The role of the innate immune system on pulmonary infections.Biological chemistry · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
γ9δ2 T cells provide a natural bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, rapidly and potently respond to pathogen infection in mucosal tissues, and are prominently induced by both tuberculosis (TB) infection and bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccination. Mycobacterium-expanded γ9δ2 T cells represent only a subset of the phosphoantigen {isopentenyl pyrophosphate [IPP] and (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enylpyrophosphate [HMBPP]}-responsive γ9δ2 T cells, expressing an oligoclonal set of T cell receptor (TCR) sequences which more efficiently recognize and inhibit intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Based on this premise, we have been searching for M. tuberculosis antigens specifically capable of inducing a unique subset of mycobacterium-protective γ9δ2 T cells. Our screening strategy includes the identification of M. tuberculosis fractions that expand γ9δ2 T cells with biological functions capable of inhibiting intracellular mycobacterial replication. Chemical treatments of M. tuberculosis whole-cell lysates (MtbWL) ruled out protein, nucleic acid, and nonpolar lipids as the M. tuberculosis antigens inducing protective γ9δ2 T cells. Mild acid hydrolysis, which transforms complex carbohydrate to monomeric residues, abrogated the specific activity of M. tuberculosis whole-cell lysates, suggesting that a polysaccharide was required for biological activity. Extraction of MtbWL with chloroform-methanol-water (10:10:3) resulted in a polar lipid fraction with highly enriched specific activity; this activity was further enriched by silica gel chromatography. A combination of mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of bioactive fractions indicated that 6-O-methylglucose-containing lipopolysaccharides (mGLP) are predominant components present in this active fraction. These results have important implications for the development of new immunotherapeutic approaches for prevention and treatment of TB.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.