Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27297217›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2016

Risk factors for CMV retinitis among individuals with HIV and low CD4 count in northern Thailand: importance of access to healthcare.

Prattana Leenasirimakul, Yingna Liu, Choeng Jirawison, Nitta Khienprasit, Siripim Kamphaengkham, Somsanguan Ausayakhun, Jenny Chen, Michael Yen, David Heiden, Gary N Holland and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Clinical Features of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in HIV Infected Patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020
    Article
  7. Cytomegalovirus retinitis and HIV: Case reviews from KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Prattana LeenasirimakulDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Yingna LiuFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Choeng JirawisonDepartment of Ophthalmology, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Nitta KhienprasitDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Siripim KamphaengkhamDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Somsanguan AusayakhunDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Jenny ChenFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California.
Michael YenFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California.
David HeidenDepartment of Ophthalmology and Pacific Vision Foundation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.
Gary N HollandDepartment of Ophthalmology, Ocular Inflammatory Disease Center, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Todd P MargolisDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Jeremy D KeenanFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Nakornping Hospital · THCalifornia Pacific Medical Center · USChiang Mai University · THDoheny Eye Institute · USHarvard University · USSan Francisco Foundation · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Optimal trachoma control after mass antibiotic distributionsK23EY019071 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KEENAN, JEREMY DAVID · 2008 to 2012
$982k
NEI NIH HHS K23 EY019071
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo determine if poor access to healthcare is associated with increased cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis risk among patients with HIV with CD4 counts of <100 cells/μL screened in a resource-limited setting.

methodsThis is a prospective cross-sectional study. Patients with known HIV and a CD4 count of <100 cells/μL attending an HIV clinic in Chiang Mai, Thailand, completed a standardised questionnaire and underwent dilated fundus examination. Participants without CMV retinitis were invited for repeated examinations every 3 months until their CD4 count exceeded 100 cells/μL. The relationship between various potential risk factors and CMV retinitis was assessed with logistic regression.

results103 study participants were enrolled. At enrolment, the mean age was 37.5 (95% CI 35.7 to 39.2) years, 61.2% (95% CI 51.6% to 70.7%) were male and the mean CD4 count was 29.5 (95% CI 25.9 to 33.1) cells/μL. 21 eyes from 16 (15.5%) participants were diagnosed with CMV retinitis. In multivariate analyses, CMV retinitis was significantly associated with lower CD4 count (OR 1.42 per 10-cell decrement, 95%CI 1.05 to 1.93), longer travel time to clinic (OR 3.85 for those with >30-min travel time, 95% CI 1.08 to 13.8) and lower income (OR 1.22 per US$50 less income, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.47).

conclusionsCD4 count, low income and longer travel time to clinic were significant risk factors for CMV retinitis among patients with HIV in a resource-limited setting. These results suggest that reducing blindness from CMV retinitis should focus on increasing accessibility of screening examinations to poor and hard-to-reach patients.

Indexed as

Health Services AccessibilityHIVAdultAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsCD4 Lymphocyte CountCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCross-Sectional StudiesCytomegalovirus RetinitisFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsThailandInfectionPublic health

Identifiers

PMID27297217
PMCPMC7325418
OpenAlexW2416760921

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.