ArticleBiology of sex differences2016
Sex-related differences in pain behaviors following three early life stress paradigms.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enteric and Sympathetic Nervous System Pathways Mediate Early Life Stress Effects on Gut Motility and Pain: Mechanistic Findings With Human Correlation.Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Early life stress and the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity: mechanisms and implications for disorders of gut-brain interaction.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Instant Cascara Beverage as a Neuroimmune Modulator of the Brain-Gut Axis: Sex-Dependent Effects in Healthy Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Early life adversity increases risk for chronic post-traumatic pain, data from humans and rodents.Pain · 2025Article
- The gut-brain axis and pain signalling mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Article
- Influence of Early-Life Stress on the Excitability of Dynorphin Neurons in the Adult Mouse Dorsal Horn.The journal of pain · 2024Article
- Review
- Involvement of oxidative stress in orofacial mechanical pain hypersensitivity following neonatal maternal separation in rats.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Enteric glia promote visceral hypersensitivity during inflammation through intercellular signaling with gut nociceptors.Science signaling · 2023Article
- New insights into irritable bowel syndrome pathophysiological mechanisms: contribution of epigenetics.Journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- An enriched environment ameliorates the reduction of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex caused by maternal separation early in life.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Encore: Behavioural animal models of stress, depression and mood disorders.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Review
- Environmental enrichment prevents stress-induced epigenetic changes in the expression of glucocorticoid receptor and corticotrophin releasing hormone in the central nucleus of the amygdala to inhibit visceral hypersensitivity.Experimental neurology · 2021Article
- Amygdalar Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Signaling Is Required for Later-Life Behavioral Dysfunction Following Neonatal Pain.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Early-life malnutrition causes gastrointestinal dysmotility that is sexually dimorphic.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2020Article
- Proteomic and mitochondrial adaptations to early-life stress are distinct in juveniles and adults.Neurobiology of stress · 2020Article
- Environmental enrichment prevents chronic stress-induced brain-gut axis dysfunction through a GR-mediated mechanism in the central nucleus of the amygdala.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2020Article
- Sex differences in the epigenetic regulation of chronic visceral pain following unpredictable early life stress.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEarly life stress (ELS) serves as a risk factor for the development of functional pain disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in adults. Although rodent models have been developed to mimic different forms of ELS experience, the use of predominantly male animals across various rodent strains has led to a paucity of information regarding sex-related differences in the persistent effects of ELS on pain behaviors in adulthood. We hypothesized that the context or nature of ELS experience may interact with sex differences to influence the development of chronic pain.
methodsWe employed three rodent models mimicking different facets of early life adversity to investigate the effects of ELS on pain perception in adulthood. To eliminate strain differences, all experiments were carried out using Long Evans rats. As neonates, male and female rat pups were exposed to maternal separation (MS), limited nesting (LN), or odor attachment learning (OAL). In adulthood, visceral sensitivity and somatic sensitivity were assessed at ~postnatal day 90 via quantification of visceromotor responses to colorectal distension and von Frey probing, respectively.
resultsFollowing exposure to MS or LN, male rats developed visceral and somatic hypersensitivity compared to controls, whereas females subjected to the same paradigms were normosensitive. In the OAL model, females exposed to unpredictable ELS exhibited visceral but not somatic hypersensitivity. There were no observed differences in visceral or somatic sensitivity in male animals following OAL exposure.
conclusionsIn summary, our data confirms that early adverse experiences in the form of MS, LN, and OAL contribute to the long-term development of heightened pain responsiveness in adulthood. Furthermore, this study indicates that sex-related vulnerability or resilience for the development of heightened pain perception is directly associated with the context or nature of the ELS experienced.
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