Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27293191›Full record

ArticleCell2016

Enhancer Control of Transcriptional Bursting.

Takashi Fukaya, Bomyi Lim, Michael Levine

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 439 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
439citing papers in PubMed
39.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

439 citing papers in PubMed, 774 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. An atlas of thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  14. Invariant nonequilibrium dynamics in gene regulation optimize information flow.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
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  20. Article

379 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Takashi FukayaLewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Bomyi LimLewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Michael LevineLewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Electronic address: msl2@princeton.edu.
Princeton University · US

Funding

SPATIAL REALMS OF HOMEOTIC GENE EXPRESSION IN DROSOPHILAR01GM034431 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO · PI LEVINE, MICHAEL STEVEN · 1985 to 2016
$4.4M
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE DORSAL MORPHOGENR37GM046638 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI LEVINE, MICHAEL STEVEN · 2003 to 2012
$3.8M
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE DORSAL MORPHOGENR01GM046638 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO · PI LEVINE, MICHAEL STEVEN · 1991 to 2016
$2.3M
Imaging chromosome dynamics and measuring its impact on transcriptional activityU01EB021239 · NIBIB · PRINCETON UNIVERSITY · PI GREGOR, THOMAS, LEVINE, MICHAEL STEVEN · 2015 to 2017
$1.1M
Imaging chromosome dynamics and measuring its impact on transcriptional activityU01DA047730 · NIDA · PRINCETON UNIVERSITY · PI GREGOR, THOMAS, LEVINE, MICHAEL STEVEN · 2018 to 2019
$740k
NIBIB NIH HHS U01 EB021239NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA047730NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM034431NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM046638NIGMS NIH HHS R37 GM046638
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transcription is episodic, consisting of a series of discontinuous bursts. Using live-imaging methods and quantitative analysis, we examine transcriptional bursting in living Drosophila embryos. Different developmental enhancers positioned downstream of synthetic reporter genes produce transcriptional bursts with similar amplitudes and duration but generate very different bursting frequencies, with strong enhancers producing more bursts than weak enhancers. Insertion of an insulator reduces the number of bursts and the corresponding level of gene expression, suggesting that enhancer regulation of bursting frequency is a key parameter of gene control in development. We also show that linked reporter genes exhibit coordinated bursting profiles when regulated by a shared enhancer, challenging conventional models of enhancer-promoter looping.

Indexed as

Enhancer Elements, GeneticTranscriptional ActivationTranscription, GeneticAnimalsChromosomesDrosophila melanogasterEmbryo, NonmammalianFemaleGene Expression RegulationGenes, ReporterGreen Fluorescent ProteinsInsulator ElementsMalePromoter Regions, GeneticGreen Fluorescent Proteins

Identifiers

PMID27293191
PMCPMC4970759
OpenAlexW2411956266

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.