Observational studyThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2016
Early-life gut microbiome composition and milk allergy resolution.
Observational study in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 216 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
216 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Microbiota Signatures in Early Life and Their Association With Food Allergy: A Systematic Review.Allergy · 2026Pooled it
- Nutrition and Gut Microbiome in the Prevention of Food Allergy.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Probiotics supplementation during pregnancy or infancy on multiple food allergies and gut microbiota: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review: polyphenol's effect on food allergy via microbiome modulation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- The Intriguing Connection Between the Gut and Lung Microbiomes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Probiotics for cow's milk protein allergy: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.European journal of pediatrics · 2019Pooled it
- Gut microbial bile and amino acid metabolism associate with peanut oral immunotherapy failure.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Clinical and immunological outcomes after randomized trial of baked milk oral immunotherapy for milk allergy.JCI insight · 2025Trial
- Specific gut microbiome signatures and the associated pro-inflamatory functions are linked to pediatric allergy and acquisition of immune tolerance.Nature communications · 2021Trial
- Multidimensional study of the oral microbiome, metabolite, and immunologic environment in peanut allergy.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Trial
- Diet-Microbiome-Immune Interactions at the Gut Mucosa in Food Allergy: Mechanisms, Gaps, and Therapeutic Implications.Allergy · 2026Review
- Distinct Inflammation-Associated Microbiome Signatures in Pediatric Non-IgE-Mediated Food Allergy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Itching to know: the Microbiome, Allergic Disease, and Antimicrobial Chemicals.Current environmental health reports · 2026Review
- Food as Friend or Foe: A Decadal Narrative Review of Dietary Patterns as Determinants of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology and Clinical Outcomes (2015-2025).International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bioengineering Interventions to Enhance the Capacity of the Gut Microbiota in Controlling Food Allergies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Characterising the allergen landscape in paediatric allergic rhinitis and/or asthma.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- Regulation of allergies across the body by microbial metabolites.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- From Probiotics to Postbiotics-An Update on Their Biotherapeutic Potential and the Emerging Strategies in Human Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Gut Microbiota-Mast Cell Axis in Intestinal Homeostasis and Food Allergy Pathogenesis.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Review
156 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGut microbiota may play a role in the natural history of cow's milk allergy.
objectiveWe sought to examine the association between early-life gut microbiota and the resolution of cow's milk allergy.
methodsWe studied 226 children with milk allergy who were enrolled at infancy in the Consortium of Food Allergy observational study of food allergy. Fecal samples were collected at age 3 to 16 months, and the children were followed longitudinally with clinical evaluation, milk-specific IgE levels, and milk skin prick test performed at enrollment, 6 months, 12 months, and yearly thereafter up until age 8 years. Gut microbiome was profiled by 16s rRNA sequencing and microbiome analyses performed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology (QIIME), Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt), and Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles (STAMP).
resultsMilk allergy resolved by age 8 years in 128 (56.6%) of the 226 children. Gut microbiome composition at age 3 to 6 months was associated with milk allergy resolution by age 8 years (PERMANOVA P = .047), with enrichment of Clostridia and Firmicutes in the infant gut microbiome of subjects whose milk allergy resolved. Metagenome functional prediction supported decreased fatty acid metabolism in the gut microbiome of subjects whose milk allergy resolved (η
conclusionsEarly infancy is a window during which gut microbiota may shape food allergy outcomes in childhood. Bacterial taxa within Clostridia and Firmicutes could be studied as probiotic candidates for milk allergy therapy.
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