Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27292024›Full record

ArticleNeoplasia (New York, N.Y.)2016

Role of Autophagy as a Survival Mechanism for Hypoxic Cells in Tumors.

Qian Tan, Marina Wang, Man Yu, Junyan Zhang, Robert G Bristow, Richard P Hill, Ian F Tannock

RetractedOpen access · goldAbstract readRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Inhibition of Autophagy AggravatesInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Repurposing of rabeprazole as an anti-Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2023
    Article
  9. Ruthenium-Based Photoactivated Chemotherapy.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2023
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Qian TanDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: susie.tan@uhnres.utoronto.ca.
Marina WangDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Man YuDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Junyan ZhangDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Robert G BristowDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital and University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Richard P HillDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Ian F TannockDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital and University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: ian.tannock@uhn.ca.
University Health Network · CAPrincess Margaret Cancer Centre · CAUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

CIHR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enhanced autophagy has been observed in hypoxic regions of solid tumors. Here we address the hypothesis that autophagy is required for survival of hypoxic cells. We evaluated sensitivity to hypoxia of three human tumor cell lines (MCF7, PC3, and LNCaP) and their autophagy-deficient variants with shRNA knockdown of the genes ATG7 and BECLIN1. Hypoxia-induced cell death was more rapid for autophagy-deficient cells and was increased in the presence of the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole that inhibits autophagy. Autophagy-deficient cells had a lower rate of oxygen consumption than wild-type cells. In xenografts derived from the three cell lines, autophagy (as determined by increased LC3 and reduced p62/SQSTM1) colocalized with hypoxic regions (identified by EF5). Xenografts derived from autophagy-deficient cells grew more slowly than wild-type tumors. Both LC3 expression and hypoxia were decreased in xenografts generated from single-knockdown cells and absent in double-knockdown tumors. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that autophagy facilitates the survival of hypoxic cells, although reduced oxygen consumption of autophagy-deficient cells may contribute to lack of hypoxia in tumors derived from them. Because hypoxia is associated with resistance to anticancer therapy, inhibition of autophagy has potential to enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatment.

Indexed as

2-PyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazolesAnimalsAutophagyCell HypoxiaCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalFemaleHumansMaleMCF-7 CellsMiceMice, NudeMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsNeoplasmsNeoplasm TransplantationOxygen Consumption2-PyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazolesMap1lc3b protein, mouseMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsPantoprazoleRNA, Small InterferingSequestosome-1 ProteinSqstm1 protein, mouse

Identifiers

PMID27292024
PMCPMC4909700
OpenAlexW2410871614

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.