ArticleMolecular plant pathology2017
Fungal phytopathogens encode functional homologues of plant rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptides.
Article in Molecular plant pathology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biosensors reveal distinct cytosolic pH and redox dynamics across seedlings in response to danger signals and pathogen infection.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Article
- Endogenous RALF peptide function is required for powdery mildew host colonization.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Processing and release of endogenous immunogenic peptide signals.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Review
- Plant cell wall remodeling and peptide signaling under abiotic and biotic stress.Plant communications · 2026Review
- Plant cell surface receptors.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Review
- The RALF-FERONIA Signaling Axis: A Central Hub Integrating Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Stress Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- From roots to reproduction: the multifaceted roles of rapid alkalinization factor and epidermal patterning factor peptides in plants.Journal of experimental botany · 2025Review
- The interplay of RALF structural and signaling functions in plant-microbe interactions.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- Advances of Peptides for Plant Immunity.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A plant viral effector subverts FER-RALF1 module-mediated intracellular immunity.Plant biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Phosphorylation of CPR5 by the receptor-like kinase FLR2 promotes mRNA poly(A) tail processing and immunity to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice.Plant communications · 2025Article
- Jack of all trades: crosstalk between FERONIA signaling and hormone pathways.Journal of experimental botany · 2025Review
- FERONIA: A Malectin-Domain Receptor Kinase with Intricate Signaling Mechanisms and Profound Importance to Plant Wellness.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2025Review
- RALF-FER, a master ligand‒receptor pair in plant health.Crop health · 2025Review
- The Small Key to the Treasure Chest: Endogenous Plant Peptides Involved in Symbiotic Interactions.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Biopolymers as Sustainable and Active Packaging Materials: Fundamentals and Mechanisms of Antifungal Activities.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Functions of membrane proteins in regulating fruit ripening and stress responses of horticultural crops.Molecular horticulture · 2024Review
- Fusarium graminearum rapid alkalinization factor peptide negatively regulates plant immunity and cell growth via the FERONIA receptor kinase.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- FERONIA: A Receptor Kinase at the Core of a Global Signaling Network.Annual review of plant biology · 2024Review
- Phytoconstituents and Ergosterol Biosynthesis-Targeting Antimicrobial Activity of Nutmeg (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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13 authors.
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Abstract
In this article, we describe the presence of genes encoding close homologues of an endogenous plant peptide, rapid alkalinization factor (RALF), within the genomes of 26 species of phytopathogenic fungi. Members of the RALF family are key growth factors in plants, and the sequence of the RALF active region is well conserved between plant and fungal proteins. RALF1-like sequences were observed in most cases; however, RALF27-like sequences were present in the Sphaerulina musiva and Septoria populicola genomes. These two species are pathogens of poplar and, interestingly, the closest relative to their respective RALF genes is a poplar RALF27-like sequence. RALF peptides control cellular expansion during plant development, but were originally defined on the basis of their ability to induce rapid alkalinization in tobacco cell cultures. To test whether the fungal RALF peptides were biologically active in plants, we synthesized RALF peptides corresponding to those encoded by two sequenced genomes of the tomato pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. One of these peptides inhibited the growth of tomato seedlings and elicited responses in tomato and Nicotiana benthamiana typical of endogenous plant RALF peptides (reactive oxygen species burst, induced alkalinization and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation). Gene expression analysis confirmed that a RALF-encoding gene in F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was expressed during infection on tomato. However, a subsequent reverse genetics approach revealed that the RALF peptide was not required by F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici for infection on tomato roots. This study has demonstrated the presence of functionally active RALF peptides encoded within phytopathogens that harbour an as yet undetermined role in plant-pathogen interactions.
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