ArticleBehavior research methods2017
A cluster-based approach to selecting representative stimuli from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) database.
Article in Behavior research methods, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05026333 (Pilot Study Aimed to Determine the Optimal Design for the UCLA/Danone Probiotic Intervention Study Related to Stress), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pilot Study Aimed to Determine the Optimal Design for the UCLA/Danone Probiotic Intervention Study Related to Stress
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Normative Studies Using Images of Common Objects.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Pooled it
- Affective norms for texts in Rioplatense Spanish (ANET-RS): Adaptation and cross-cultural variations in emotional explicitness, gender, and age.Behavior research methods · 2026Article
- Hyperspectral imaging for intraoperative brain tumor identification through fusion of spectral, textural, and spectral index features.PloS one · 2026Article
- Dose-Escalation Study of Amygdalar Transcranial Focused Ultrasound in Healthy Volunteers.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Upregulation of a Small-World Brain Network Improves Inhibitory Control: An fNIRS Neurofeedback Training Study.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- "The many faces of sorrow": An empirical exploration of the psychological plurality of sadness.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2023Article
- The regulatory roles of progesterone and estradiol on emotion processing in women.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
- Review on Emotion Recognition Based on Electroencephalography.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2021Review
- EEG-Based Emotion Recognition: A State-of-the-Art Review of Current Trends and Opportunities.Computational intelligence and neuroscience · 2020Review
- A Bottom-Up Validation of the IAPS, GAPED, and NAPS Affective Picture Databases: Differential Effects on Behavioral Performance.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Global Image Properties Predict Ratings of Affective Pictures.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- The Socio-Moral Image Database (SMID): A novel stimulus set for the study of social, moral and affective processes.PloS one · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
The International Affective Picture System (IAPS; Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 2008) is a stimulus database that is frequently used to investigate various aspects of emotional processing. Despite its extensive use, selecting IAPS stimuli for a research project is not usually done according to an established strategy, but rather is tailored to individual studies. Here we propose a standard, replicable method for stimulus selection based on cluster analysis, which re-creates the group structure that is most likely to have produced the valence arousal, and dominance norms associated with the IAPS images. Our method includes screening the database for outliers, identifying a suitable clustering solution, and then extracting the desired number of stimuli on the basis of their level of certainty of belonging to the cluster they were assigned to. Our method preserves statistical power in studies by maximizing the likelihood that the stimuli belong to the cluster structure fitted to them, and by filtering stimuli according to their certainty of cluster membership. In addition, although our cluster-based method is illustrated using the IAPS, it can be extended to other stimulus databases.
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