ReviewJournal of endocrinological investigation2016
Gender identity, gender assignment and reassignment in individuals with disorders of sex development: a major of dilemma.
Review in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender Roles in Chinese Children's Picture Books: A Descriptive Content Analysis.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reproduction and fertility issues in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: pathophysiology, management, and recent clinical advances.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Review
- Familial isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency in three siblings caused by a CYP17A1 mutation.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports · 2026Article
- Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Most-Cited Publications in Gender-Affirming Surgery.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2026Review
- Genital gender-affirming surgery trends in Germany: Total population data with 19,600 cases from 2006 to 2022.Andrology · 2025Article
- Differences of Sex Development: A Study of 420 Patients from a Single Tertiary Pediatric Endocrinology Center.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genital masculinizing reconstruction for untreated intersex individuals in adulthood: a case report.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Article
- Molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management challenges in complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Suspected Ovotesticular Disorders of Sexual Differentiation in a Phenotypic Male With Ambiguous Genitalia, Light Menstrual Flow, and Synchronous Bilateral Dysgerminoma: A Case Report From Ethiopia.Case reports in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Detection of chromosomal aneuploidy in ancient genomes.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Challenges in Management of Ovotesticular Differences in Sex Development in Resource-Limited Settings.Case reports in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Case report: Rare heterozygous variant in theFrontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Sex assignment and psychosexual peculiarities of individuals with different forms of androgen insensitivity syndrome: A qualitative study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2023Article
- [Clinical, genetic, and pathological analysis in 165 children with disorders of sex development].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2023Article
- A Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutation of HSD17B3 Gene Identified in a Patient With 46,XY Difference of Sexual Development.Sexual medicine · 2022Article
- LGBTQ+ Youth Health: An Unmet Need in Pediatrics.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Diagnosis of DSD in Children-Development of New Tools for a Structured Diagnostic and Information Management Program within the Empower-DSD Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- The challenges of androgen insensitivity syndrome.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2022Article
- Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8.International journal of transgender health · 2022Article
- Intersex goats show different gene expression levels in the hypothalamus and pituitary compared with non-intersex goats based on RNA-Seq.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionDisorders of Sex Development (DSD) are a wide range of congenital conditions characterized by an incongruence of components involved in sexual differentiation, including gender psychosexual development. The management of such disorders is complex, and one of the most crucial decision is represented by gender assignment. In fact, the primary goal in DSD is to have a gender assignment consistent with the underlying gender identity in order to prevent the distress related to a forthcoming Gender Dysphoria. Historically, gender assignment was based essentially on surgical outcomes, assuming the neutrality of gender identity at birth. This policy has been challenged in the past decade refocusing on the importance of prenatal and postnatal hormonal and genetic influences on psychosexual development.
aims(1) to update the main psychological and medical issues that surround DSD, in particular regarding gender identity and gender assignment; (2) to report specific clinical recommendations according to the different diagnosis.
methodsA systematic search of published evidence was performed using Medline (from 1972 to March 2016). Review of the relevant literature and recommendations was based on authors' expertise.
resultsA review of gender identity and assignment in DSD is provided as well as clinical recommendations for the management of individuals with DSD.
conclusionsGiven the complexity of this management, DSD individuals and their families need to be supported by a specialized multidisciplinary team, which has been universally recognized as the best practice for intersexual conditions. In case of juvenile GD in DSD, the prescription of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues, following the World Professional Association for Transgender Health and the Endocrine Society guidelines, should be considered. It should always be taken into account that every DSD person is unique and has to be treated with individualized care. In this perspective, international registries are crucial to improve the understanding of these challenging conditions and clinical practice, in providing a better prediction of gender identity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.