ArticleNeurology2016
Neurologic signs and symptoms frequently manifest in acute HIV infection.
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Article in Neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
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43 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Viral triggers of Guillain-Barré syndrome: implications for laboratory diagnostics.Biochemia medica · 2026Review
- Guideline of the German Society of Neurology (DGN): "diagnosis and therapy of HIV-1-associated neurological disorders".Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- Long-Term Neurologic Exam Findings in People Diagnosed and Treated During Acute HIV Infection.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Neuroaxonal Injury in Acute HIV Infection and Following Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Primary HIV Infection Presenting As Inflammatory Polyradiculopathy Mimicking Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Anti-IL-15 treatment reduces acute lentivirus inflammation and signaling in the brain.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Elevated inflammation in people with HIV is associated with aberrant neural oscillations serving selective attention.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Inside out: TNFa-RII and sexualized drug use in acute HIV predicts persistent depressive symptoms despite antiretroviral therapy.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Neurological syndromes associated with COVID-19: a multicenter study in Brazil.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- SIV-specific antibodies protect against inflammasome-driven encephalitis in untreated macaques.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Central Nervous System Effects of Early HIV Infection and Consequences of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation during Acute HIV.Viruses · 2024Review
- Rhabdomyolysis in Acute HIV Infection.Cureus · 2024Article
- Update on Central Nervous System Effects of HIV in Adolescents and Young Adults.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Cognitive Health in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The Impact of Early Treatment, Comorbidities, and Aging.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- A new perspective on HIV: effects of HIV on brain-heart axis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- HIV integration in the human brain is linked to microglial activation and 3D genome remodeling.Molecular cell · 2022Article
- Neurology of Acute Viral Infections.The Neurohospitalist · 2022Review
- Optic Neuritis due to Use of Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide: A Case Report.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2022Article
- Central Nervous System Safety During Brief Analytic Treatment Interruption of Antiretroviral Therapy Within 4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Remission Trials: An Observational Study in Acutely Treated People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Observational
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Joanna HellmuthFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT. joanna.hellmuth@ucsf.edu.
James L K FletcherFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Victor ValcourFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Eugène KroonFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Jintanat AnanworanichFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Jintana IntasanFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Sukalaya LerdlumFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Jared NarvidFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Mantana PothisriFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Isabel AllenFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Shelly J KrebsFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Bonnie SlikeFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Peeriya PrueksakaewFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Linda L JagodzinskiFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Suwanna PuttamaswinFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Nittaya PhanuphakFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Serena SpudichFrom the Departments of Neurology (J.H., V.V.), Radiology (J.N.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (I.A.), University of California, San Francisco; SEARCH (J.L.K.F., E.K., J.I., P.P., S.P., N.P.), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; US Military HIV Research Program (J.A., S.J.K., B.S., L.L.J.), Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (J.A., S.J.K., B.S.), Bethesda, MD; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.P.), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; and Department of Neurology (S.S.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
SEARCH 010/RV254 Study Group
Henry M. Jackson Foundation · USThai Red Cross Society · TH
Funding
Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9MMultidisciplinary Research Fellowship in Alzheimer’s disease and Related DementiasT32AG023481 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BRUCE L MILLER, HOWARD J ROSEN · 2005 to 2026
$7.4MPeripheral Reservoir of HIV DNA in Monocytes Pivotal to Cognition in HIVR01NS061696 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI VALCOUR, VICTOR · 2008 to 2012
$3.2MLong-Term CNS Consequences of Treatment During Acute InfectionR01MH095613 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SPUDICH, SERENA S, VALCOUR, VICTOR · 2011 to 2015
$3.1MMidcareer Mentoring Award for Patient-Oriented Research in HIV and CognitionK24MH098759 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI VALCOUR, VICTOR · 2013 to 2017
$887kCentral Nervous System Effects in Acute HIV SeroconversionR21MH086341 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI VALCOUR, VICTOR · 2009 to 2010
$367kNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863NIA NIH HHS T32 AG023481NIMH NIH HHS K24 MH098759NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH095613NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH086341NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS061696
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the incidence, timing, and severity of neurologic findings in acute HIV infection (pre-antibody seroconversion), as well as persistence with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).
methodsParticipants identified with acute HIV were enrolled, underwent structured neurologic evaluations, immediately initiated cART, and were followed with neurologic evaluations at 4 and 12 weeks. Concurrent brain MRIs and both viral and inflammatory markers in plasma and CSF were obtained.
resultsMedian estimated HIV infection duration was 19 days (range 3-56) at study entry for the 139 participants evaluated. Seventy-three participants (53%) experienced one or more neurologic findings in the 12 weeks after diagnosis, with one developing a fulminant neurologic manifestation (Guillain-Barré syndrome). A total of 245 neurologic findings were noted, reflecting cognitive symptoms (33%), motor findings (34%), and neuropathy (11%). Nearly half of the neurologic findings (n = 121, 49%) occurred at diagnosis, prior to cART initiation, and most of these (n = 110, 90%) remitted concurrent with 1 month on treatment. Only 9% of neurologic findings (n = 22) persisted at 24 weeks on cART. Nearly all neurologic findings (n = 236, 96%) were categorized as mild in severity. No structural neuroimaging abnormalities were observed. Participants with neurologic findings had a higher mean plasma log10 HIV RNA at diagnosis compared to those without neurologic findings (5.9 vs 5.4; p = 0.006).
conclusionsAcute HIV infection is commonly associated with mild neurologic findings that largely remit while on treatment, and may be mediated by direct viral factors. Severe neurologic manifestations are infrequent in treated acute HIV.
Indexed as
Acute DiseaseAdultAnti-Retroviral AgentsBiomarkersBrainCognitionCohort StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHIV InfectionsHumansIncidenceMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMotor ActivitySeverity of Illness IndexAnti-Retroviral AgentsBiomarkers
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