ArticleCancer2016
Racial disparities in the survival of American children, adolescents, and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, and Hodgkin lymphoma.
Article in Cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Social determinants of health and pediatric cancer survival: A systematic review.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2022Pooled it
- Survival by age in paediatric and adolescent patients with Hodgkin lymphoma: a retrospective pooled analysis of children's oncology group trials.The Lancet. Haematology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- [Multicenter clinical trial of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in elder children and adolescents].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2018Trial
- An investigation of toxicities and survival in Hispanic children and adolescents with ALL: Results from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium protocol 05-001.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Advances and disparities in survival of childhood and adolescent cancers.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Observational
- Race and Ethnicity and Overall Survival in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Real-world generalizability of clinical trial cytomolecular risk in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the REAL-AML cohort.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Pilot feasibility of a financial and health-related social needs navigation intervention (AYA-NAV) for adolescents and young adults with Cancer: Study protocol for a prospective, single-arm study.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2025Article
- Altered Expression of NK Receptors in Racially/Ethnically Diverse and Risk-of-Relapse Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Impact of neighborhood archetypes on overall mortality among young patients with acute leukemia in California.Cancer · 2025Article
- Epidemiology, incidence, and outcome of childhood cancers in the Afro-descendant population of the French West Indies and French Guiana: a population-based study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Racial and Ethnic Survival Disparities Among Children With High-Risk Neuroblastoma: A Children's Oncology Group Report.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Article
- Insights From Diverse Perspectives on Social Media Messages to Inform Young Adults With Cancer About Clinical Trials: Focus Group Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Comparative prognosis of pediatric lymphoblastic lymphoma: insights from Chinese and international cohorts.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Survivorship after adolescent and young adult cancer: models of care, disparities, and opportunities.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- IKZF1Pediatric blood & cancer · 2024Article
- Survival trend and outcome prediction for pediatric Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas based on machine learning.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRace-based survival in children and adolescents with hematologic malignancies has been a national challenge for decades. Large-scale investigations of age- and race-based survival trends over time in these patients have not previously been reported. The objective of this study was to investigate whether race- and age-related differences in pediatric and adolescent and young adult (AYA) leukemia and lymphoma survival persist and to what extent these differences have changed over time.
methodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program, this study investigated the outcomes of black and white (1975-2012; n = 27,369) and white and Hispanic (1992-2012; n = 20,574) children (0-14 years old) and AYAs (15-39 years old) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Estimates of 5- and 10-year relative survival were compared over time.
resultsTrends showed a convergence of survival for white and black children with ALL but a divergence in survival for AYA patients. Hispanic children and AYAs both suffered inferior outcomes. Trends for AML revealed persistent survival differences between black and white children and suggested worsening disparities for AYAs. Survival trends in HL revealed sustained survival differences between black and white AYA patients, whereas no differences were found in Hispanic and white patient outcomes for AML or HL.
conclusionsAlthough survival for children and AYAs with ALL, AML, and HL has improved over the past 4 decades, differences persist between black, white, and Hispanic children and AYAs; survival disparities between black and white children with ALL have been nearly eliminated. Strategies aimed at identifying causality and reducing disparities are warranted. Cancer 2016. © 2016 American Cancer Society. Cancer 2016;122:2723-2730. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.