Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27282456›Full record

ArticleJournal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions2016

Severe muscle trauma triggers heightened and prolonged local musculoskeletal inflammation and impairs adjacent tibia fracture healing.

B J Hurtgen, C L Ward, K Garg, B E Pollot, S M Goldman, T O McKinley, J C Wenke, B T Corona

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Muscle injury in orthopaedic trauma.OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma · 2025
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Polytrauma impairs fracture healing accompanied by increased persistence of innate inflammatory stimuli and reduced adaptive response.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. DistinctFrontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Tissue Engineered 3D Constructs for Volumetric Muscle Loss.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Combined regenerative rehabilitation improves recovery following volumetric muscle loss injury in a rat model.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials · 2024
    Article
  20. The local and systemic effects of immune function on fracture healing.OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma · 2024
    Review

12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

B J HurtgenExtremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, TX.
C L Ward
K Garg
B E Pollot
S M Goldman
T O McKinley
J C Wenke
B T Corona
United States Army · USIndiana University Bloomington · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesComplicated fracture healing is often associated with the severity of surrounding muscle tissue trauma. Since inflammation is a primary determinant of musculoskeletal health and regeneration, it is plausible that delayed healing and non-unions are partly caused by compounding local inflammation in response to concomitant muscle trauma. METHODS AND

resultsTo investigate this possibility, a Lewis rat open fracture model [tibia osteotomy with adjacent tibialis anterior (TA) muscle volumetric muscle loss (VML) injury] was interrogated. We observed that VML injury impaired tibia healing, as indicated by diminished mechanical strength and decreased mineralized bone within the fracture callus, as well as continued presence of cartilage instead of woven bone 28 days post-injury. The VML injured muscle presented innate and adaptive immune responses that were atypical of canonical muscle injury healing. Additionally, the VML injury resulted in a perturbation of the inflammatory phase of fracture healing, as indicated by elevations of CD3(+) lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages in the fracture callus at 3 and 14d post-injury, respectively.

conclusionsThese data indicate that heightened and sustained innate and adaptive immune responses to traumatized muscle are associated with impaired fracture healing and may be targeted for the prevention of delayed and non-union following musculoskeletal trauma.

Indexed as

AnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFracture HealingFractures, OpenInflammationMaleMuscle, SkeletalRatsRats, Inbred LewReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionTibial FracturesX-Ray Microtomography

Identifiers

PMID27282456
PMCPMC5114355
OpenAlexW2414319335

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.