ArticleJournal of neurophysiology2016
Brain heating induced by near-infrared lasers during multiphoton microscopy.
Article in Journal of neurophysiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 168 papers.
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Who cites it
168 citing papers in PubMed.
- Thermophoresis induced by photothermal shock alters reversal potential and capacitance in neurons.Biophysical journal · 2026Article
- Voltage imaging: A practical guide.Neuron · 2026Review
- Methods, Trade-offs, and Opportunities in High-speed Optical Microscopy for Neural Voltage imaging.Nature photonics · 2026Article
- Depth-adapted adaptive optics for three-photon microscopy.Biomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Robust thermometry-imaging down to sub-micrometer or millisecond-resolution by fluorescence lifetime microscopy allows for additional acquisition of multiple imaging channels.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A nonsurgical brain implant enabled through a cell-electronics hybrid for focal neuromodulation.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- A versatile platform for two-photon neuronal population voltage imaging across cortical depths.Nature methods · 2026Article
- Measurement of the Entangled Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Sections of 4-Aminoazobenzene.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026Article
- Improving positively tuned voltage indicators for faster kinetics and higher contrast.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Hemodynamic and Electrophysiological Progression of the Rose Bengal Photothrombotic Stroke Model in Mice.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Persistent dysmorphology and dysfunction of the brain microvasculature following repeated trauma.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Article
- 2P-FENDO-II: A fiber bundle microscope for all-optical, large field-of-view brain studies in freely moving mice.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- BLIMPS: a technique for tandem biosensor imaging across multiple populations of presynaptic terminals, using lattice light sheet microscopy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Glutamate indicators with increased sensitivity and tailored deactivation rates.Nature methods · 2026Article
- Label-free tracking of subcortical white matter degradationBiomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Simultaneous thermal and large field-of-view two-photon imaging enables optimization of signal-to-noise.Neurophotonics · 2026Article
- ResFouriONet: A Residual Fourier Operator Network with Synthetic Data Generation for Real-Time Laser-Induced Bioheat Transfer Modeling.International communications in heat and mass transfer · 2026Article
- Electrophysiological Response of the Non-Anesthetized Primate Brain to Minimally Invasive Local Infrared Neural Stimulation in Chronic Experiments.Brain topography · 2025Article
- Spatially heterogeneous acetylcholine dynamics in the striatum promote behavioral flexibility.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Three-photon microscopy: an emerging technique for deep intravital brain imaging.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Two-photon imaging and optogenetic stimulation rely on high illumination powers, particularly for state-of-the-art applications that target deeper structures, achieve faster measurements, or probe larger brain areas. However, little information is available on heating and resulting damage induced by high-power illumination in the brain. In the current study we used thermocouple probes and quantum dot nanothermometers to measure temperature changes induced by two-photon microscopy in the neocortex of awake and anaesthetized mice. We characterized heating as a function of wavelength, exposure time, and distance from the center of illumination. Although total power is highest near the surface of the brain, heating was most severe hundreds of micrometers below the focal plane, due to heat dissipation through the cranial window. Continuous illumination of a 1-mm(2) area produced a peak temperature increase of ∼1.8°C/100 mW. Continuous illumination with powers above 250 mW induced lasting damage, detected with immunohistochemistry against Iba1, glial fibrillary acidic protein, heat shock proteins, and activated caspase-3. Higher powers were usable in experiments with limited duty ratios, suggesting an approach to mitigate damage in high-power microscopy experiments.
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Registered trials
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