ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2016
Approved Antiviral Drugs over the Past 50 Years.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 645 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
645 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,404 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral manifestations in HIV-positive individuals under highly active antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence data.BMC oral health · 2026Pooled it
- Epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and treatment patterns of cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in China: a scoping review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Response of the replisome to araA and araC suggests a mechanism for arabinosyl nucleoside tolerance.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- An updated review of enantioselective syntheses and biological actions of carbanucleosides.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2026Review
- 1,3-Dioxolane derived nucleos(t)ides: synthetic strategies, current position, and future promise in antiviral and anticancer drug discovery.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2026Review
- Reciprocal control of viral infection and phosphoinositide dynamics.FEBS letters · 2026Review
- PMAVP: A Mamba-Inspired Deep Learning Framework for Antiviral Peptide Identification and Functional Activity Prediction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- From Hepatitis to Encephalitis: Neuroinvasion and Antiviral Development in Rift Valley Fever Virus Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A host-centric morphological profiling approach to identify repurposed antiviral drugs.iScience · 2026Article
- On the Verge of the 3000th Publication: Reflections on Deceptions, Successes and Perspectives.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nanoparticles for antiviral nucleotide analogs: approaches and analytical challenges.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Bulkiness Makes the Difference: Modulating Solid-State Emission of Anticoronavirus Active Pt(tpy)C(O)NHCH2R Complexes Featuring Adamantyl vs Propargyl R Groups.Inorganic chemistry · 2026Article
- In Vitro Evaluation of Acetaminophen as a Repurposed Anti-Influenza Virus Agent.Biotechnology and applied biochemistry · 2026Article
- Exploration of the protein and pharmacological landscape of monkeypox virus treatment: from entry point to end point.Molecular diversity · 2026Review
- Enlarging viral mutation estimation: a view from the distribution of mutation rates.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Article
- Substrate and target selectivity of 4'-fluoroadenosine against viral and host polymerases.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Chalcones as a Versatile Antiviral Scaffold: Molecular Targets, ADMET Profiles, and Translational Challenges.Viruses · 2026Review
- Beyond single-structure docking in anti-Zika discovery: toward translational molecular modeling.Journal of molecular modeling · 2026Article
- Coupled Binding and Folding of NS2B/NS3 Protease and Linker Effects Revealed by Topology-Based Modeling.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2026Article
- Advancing Antiviral Design: Integrating Natural Products, Computation and Targeted Delivery.Chemical biology & drug design · 2026Review
585 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the first antiviral drug, idoxuridine, was approved in 1963, 90 antiviral drugs categorized into 13 functional groups have been formally approved for the treatment of the following 9 human infectious diseases: (i) HIV infections (protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, entry inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues), (ii) hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections (lamivudine, interferons, nucleoside analogues, and acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues), (iii) hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections (ribavirin, interferons, NS3/4A protease inhibitors, NS5A inhibitors, and NS5B polymerase inhibitors), (iv) herpesvirus infections (5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridine analogues, entry inhibitors, nucleoside analogues, pyrophosphate analogues, and acyclic guanosine analogues), (v) influenza virus infections (ribavirin, matrix 2 protein inhibitors, RNA polymerase inhibitors, and neuraminidase inhibitors), (vi) human cytomegalovirus infections (acyclic guanosine analogues, acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues, pyrophosphate analogues, and oligonucleotides), (vii) varicella-zoster virus infections (acyclic guanosine analogues, nucleoside analogues, 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridine analogues, and antibodies), (viii) respiratory syncytial virus infections (ribavirin and antibodies), and (ix) external anogenital warts caused by human papillomavirus infections (imiquimod, sinecatechins, and podofilox). Here, we present for the first time a comprehensive overview of antiviral drugs approved over the past 50 years, shedding light on the development of effective antiviral treatments against current and emerging infectious diseases worldwide.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.