Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27281303›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2016

The association of serum choline with linear growth failure in young children from rural Malawi.

Richard D Semba, Pingbo Zhang, Marta Gonzalez-Freire, Ruin Moaddel, Indi Trehan, Kenneth M Maleta, M Isabel Ordiz, Luigi Ferrucci, Mark J Manary

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03801317 (The Effect of Bovine Colostrum/ Egg Supplementation in Young Malawian Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03801317 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Bovine Colostrum/ Egg Supplementation in Young Malawian Children

TypeinterventionalSponsorWashington University School of MedicineRan2018 to 2020Enrolled278ConditionsStunting, Environmental Enteric DysfunctionArmsBC/ egg, Control, multiple micronutrient
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

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  18. Choline-related-inherited metabolic diseases-A mini review.Journal of inherited metabolic disease · 2019
    Review
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  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Richard D SembaWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; rdsemba@jhmi.edu.
Pingbo ZhangWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD;
Marta Gonzalez-FreireNational Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD;
Ruin MoaddelNational Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD;
Indi TrehanDepartment of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; and Departments of Community Health and Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.
Kenneth M MaletaCommunity Health and Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.
M Isabel OrdizDepartment of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; and Departments of.
Luigi FerrucciNational Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD;
Mark J ManaryDepartment of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; and Departments of Community Health and Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.
National Institute on Aging · USUniversity of Malawi · MWJohns Hopkins University · USWashington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

Disease Status Drug Metabolism and New Drug Discovery ZIAAG000297 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI EGAN, JOSEPHINE · 2009 to 2025
$38.2M
Oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and disability in older womenR01AG027012 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SEMBA, RICHARD D · 2005 to 2018
$3.6M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG027012
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCholine is an essential nutrient for cell structure, cell signaling, neurotransmission, lipid transport, and bone formation. Choline can be irreversibly converted to betaine, a major source of methyl groups. Trimethylene N-oxide (TMAO), a proatherogenic molecule, is produced from the metabolism of dietary choline by the gut microbiome. The relation between serum choline and its closely related metabolites with linear growth in children is unknown.

objectiveThe aim was to characterize the relation between serum choline and its closely related metabolites, betaine and TMAO, with linear growth and stunting in young children.

designWe measured serum choline, betaine, and TMAO concentrations by using liquid chromatography isotopic dilution tandem mass spectrometry in a cross-sectional study in 325 Malawian children, aged 12-59 mo, of whom 62% were stunted.

resultsMedian (25th, 75th percentile) serum choline, betaine, and TMAO concentrations were 6.4 (4.8, 8.3), 12.4 (9.1, 16.3), and 1.2 (0.7, 1.8) μmol/L, respectively. Spearman correlation coefficients of age with serum choline, betaine, and TMAO were -0.57 (P < 0.0001), -0.26 (P < 0.0001), and -0.10 (P = 0.07), respectively. Correlation coefficients of height-for-age z score with serum choline, betaine-to-choline ratio, and TMAO-to-choline ratio were 0.31 (P < 0.0001), -0.24 (P < 0.0001), and -0.29 (P < 0.0001), respectively. Serum choline concentrations were strongly and significantly associated with stunting. Children with and without stunting had median (25th, 75th percentile) serum choline concentrations of 5.6 (4.4, 7.4) and 7.3 (5.9, 9.1) μmol/L (P < 0.0001).

conclusionsLinear growth failure in young children is associated with low serum choline and elevated betaine-to-choline and TMAO-to-choline ratios. Further work is needed to understand whether low dietary choline intake explains low circulating choline among stunted children living in low-income countries and whether increasing choline intake may correct choline deficiency and improve growth and development. This trial was registered in the ISRCTN registry (www.isrctn.com) as ISRCTN14597012.

Indexed as

DietNutritional StatusRural PopulationBetaineChild, PreschoolCholineChromatography, LiquidCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGrowthGrowth DisordersHumansInfantMalawiMaleMass SpectrometryBetaineCholineMethylaminestrimethyloxaminebetainechildrencholinelinear growthmalnutritionstuntingtrimethylene-N-oxideundernutrition

Identifiers

PMID27281303
PMCPMC4919529
OpenAlexW2415337951

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.