ArticleBritish journal of cancer2016
Ethnic differences in cancer symptom awareness and barriers to seeking medical help in England.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer awareness among adolescents in second-level education: a mixed methods systematic review.Health education research · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Barriers to Breast Cancer Screening, and of Interventions Designed to Increase Participation, Among Women of Black African and Black Caribbean Descent in the UK.Psycho-oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Black women's decisions about participating in breast cancer screening in the UK: a qualitative study.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Empowering communities, educating researchers: reflections on researcher training through the 'Be the Voice of Your Community' Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) event.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Article
- A Critical Literature Review of Health Inequalities, Cultural Exclusion, and the Case for a Culturally Appropriate Digital Health Promotion App for Black Communities in England.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Survival of Individuals Diagnosed With High-Risk, Regional, and Metastatic Prostate Cancer by Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Status: A Retrospective Cohort Study Set in Victoria, Australia.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Routes to cancer diagnosis for migrants in Denmark: a population-based nationwide cohort study.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Information needs during cancer care: qualitative research with advanced cervical cancer patients in Brazil, China, Germany, and the United States.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2026Article
- Assessing ethnic inequalities in diagnostic intervals of breast cancer among patients presenting symptoms to general practitioners in England.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Self-management and help-seeking behavior for gastroesophageal reflux symptoms: A population-based survey.World journal of gastroenterology · 2026Observational
- Re-validation of the Cancer Research UK Cancer Awareness Measure 'plus' (CAM+): a study protocol.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Delivery of interpreting services in UK primary care by population needs: a multisite case study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Guidelines on Lifestyle Changes and Breast Cancer-where are we up to and how does this Apply to Black Women with Breast Cancer.Current oncology reports · 2025Review
- Communities against cancer: a qualitative study assessing the effectiveness of a community engagement initiative in improving cancer awareness for marginalised communities.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Invisible spectrum: a model for minority community public engagement in cancer research.Research involvement and engagement · 2025Article
- Seeing red..? Co-design of a culturally tailored uterine cancer awareness intervention for Asian and Black ethnic minority groups.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2025Article
- Inequalities in colorectal cancer diagnosis by ethnic group: a population-level study in the English National Health Service.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Inequalities in cancer 2-week-wait referrals: a cross-sectional study in English general practice.BJGP open · 2025Article
- Facilitators and barriers to help-seeking behavior for symptoms in patients with lung cancer in China-a qualitative study.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEthnic differences in cancer symptom awareness and barriers to seeking medical help in the English population are not fully understood. We aimed to quantify these differences, to help develop more effective health campaigns, tailored to the needs of different ethnic groups.
methodsUsing a large national data set (n=38 492) of cross-sectional surveys that used the Cancer Research UK Cancer Awareness Measure, we examined how cancer symptom awareness and barriers varied by ethnicity, controlling for socio-economic position, age and gender. Data were analysed using multivariable logistic regression.
resultsAwareness of cancer symptoms was lower in minority ethnic groups than White participants, with the lowest awareness observed among Bangladeshis and Black Africans. Ethnic minorities were more likely than White British to report barriers to help-seeking. South Asians reported the highest emotional barriers, such as lack of confidence to talk to the doctor, and practical barriers, such as worry about many other things. The Irish were more likely than the White British to report practical barriers, such as being too busy to visit a doctor. White British participants were more likely than any other ethnic group to report that they would feel worried about wasting the doctor's time. Overall, Black Africans had the lowest barriers. All differences were statistically significant (P<0.01 level), after controlling for confounders.
conclusionsOur findings suggest the need for culturally sensitive and targeted health campaigns, focused on improving recognition of cancer symptoms among ethnic minorities. Campaigns should tackle the specific barriers prevalent in each ethnic group.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.