ArticlePeerJ2016
Association of potential salivary biomarkers with diabetic retinopathy and its severity in type-2 diabetes mellitus: a proteomic analysis by mass spectrometry.
Article in PeerJ, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of the Therapeutic Potential of Persimmon Leaf Extract on Prediabetic Subjects.Molecules and cells · 2017Trial
- Salivary Proteome Role in Infection and Immunity.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Insights into the molecular underpinning of type 2 diabetes complications.Human molecular genetics · 2025Review
- Clinical serum lipidomic profiling revealed potential lipid biomarkers for early diabetic retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A systematic proteomic profiling and pathway analysis of protein biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy with subsequent validation of the IL-6 upstream regulator.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2023Article
- Metabolic and proteomic signatures of type 2 diabetes subtypes in an Arab population.Nature communications · 2022Article
- The salivary proteome reflects some traits of dietary habits in diabetic and non-diabetic older adults.European journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- Proteomics of Vitreous Humor Reveals PPARA, RXR, and LXR Are Possible Upstream Regulators of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Changes in salivary analytes in canine parvovirus: A high-resolution quantitative proteomic study.Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases · 2018Article
- The Effect of Breed, Gender, and Acid Stimulation in Dog Saliva Proteome.BioMed research international · 2018Article
- Advancing Point-of-Care (PoC) Testing Using Human Saliva as Liquid Biopsy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- Supplementation with Phycocyanobilin, Citrulline, Taurine, and Supranutritional Doses of Folic Acid and Biotin-Potential for Preventing or Slowing the Progression of Diabetic Complications.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- Diabetic Retinopathy and Laser Therapy in Rats: A Protein-Protein Interaction Network Analysis.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aim/hypothesisThe aim of our study was to characterize the human salivary proteome and determine the changes in protein expression in two different stages of diabetic retinopathy with type-2 diabetes mellitus: (1) with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and (2) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Type-2 diabetes mellitus without diabetic retinopathy (XDR) was designated as control.
methodIn this study, 45 saliva samples were collected (15 samples from XDR control group, 15 samples from NPDR disease group and 15 samples from PDR disease group). Salivary proteins were extracted, reduced, alkylated, trypsin digested and labeled with an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) before being analyzed by an Orbitrap fusion tribrid mass spectrometer. Protein annotation, fold change calculation and statistical analysis were interrogated by Proteome Discoverer. Biological pathway analysis was performed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD003723-PX003725.
resultsA total of 315 proteins were identified from the salivary proteome and 119 proteins were found to be differentially expressed. The differentially expressed proteins from the NPDR disease group and the PDR disease group were assigned to respective canonical pathways indicating increased Liver X receptor/Retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) activation, Farnesoid X receptor/Retinoid X receptor (FXR/RXR) activation, acute phase response signaling, sucrose degradation V and regulation of actin-based motility by Rho in the PDR disease group compared to the NPDR disease group. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationProgression from non-proliferative to proliferative retinopathy in type-2 diabetic patients is a complex multi-mechanism and systemic process. Furthermore, saliva was shown to be a feasible alternative sample source for diabetic retinopathy biomarkers.
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