ArticleCancer chemotherapy and pharmacology2016
Pharmacokinetics and safety of vitamin E δ-tocotrienol after single and multiple doses in healthy subjects with measurement of vitamin E metabolites.
Article in Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02581085 (Tocotrienol Against the Progression of End Stage Liver Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Tocotrienol Against the Progression of End Stage Liver Disease
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin E (300 mg) in the treatment of MASH: A multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- A 12-week evaluation of annatto tocotrienol supplementation for postmenopausal women: safety, quality of life, body composition, physical activity, and nutrient intake.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Urinary α-Carboxyethyl Hydroxychromanol (α-CEHC)-A Biomarker of Vitamin E Intake: A Scoping Review.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Significance of Vitamins A and E in Cancer Progression and Prevention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Molecular Insights in the Anticancer Activity of Natural Tocotrienols: Targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism and Cellular Redox Homeostasis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Development and Optimization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Encapsulating Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Formulation Using Response Surface Methodology.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Human Vitamin E deficiency, and what is and is not Vitamin E?Free radical biology & medicine · 2024Review
- Pharmacokinetics of vitamin dosage forms: A complete overview.Food science & nutrition · 2024Review
- Vitamin E in the management of pancreatic cancer: A scoping review.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2023Article
- Article
- Quercetin and vitamin E ameliorate cardio-apoptotic risks in diabetic rats.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2022Article
- Metabolism of natural forms of vitamin E and biological actions of vitamin E metabolites.Free radical biology & medicine · 2022Article
- The medicinal chemistry of mitochondrial dysfunction: a critical overview of efforts to modulate mitochondrial health.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2021Review
- Tocotrienols: Dietary Supplements for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Concise Synthesis of (ACS omega · 2021Article
- Synthesis of [Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Beneficial effects of δ-tocotrienol against oxidative stress in osteoblastic cells: studies on the mechanisms of action.European journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- Vitamin E and cancer: an update on the emerging role of γ and δ tocotrienols.European journal of nutrition · 2020Review
- Vitamin E and cancer prevention: Studies with different forms of tocopherols and tocotrienols.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeVitamin E delta-tocotrienol (VEDT) has demonstrated chemopreventive and antineoplastic activity in preclinical models. The aim of our study was to determine the safety and pharmacokinetics of VEDT and its metabolites after single- and multiple-dose administrations in healthy subjects.
methodsThirty-six subjects received from 100 to 1600 mg of oral VEDT as a single dose or twice daily for 14 consecutive days. A 3 + 3 dose escalation design was utilized. Pharmacokinetic data were derived from high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assays. Serial blood and urine samples were collected before and during VEDT administration, with serum and urine metabolites assessed using HPLC.
resultsNo drug-related adverse events were observed. Pharmacokinetic parameters for single and multiple doses were, respectively, as follows (shown as range): time to maximum concentration of 4-9.3 and 4.7-7.3 h, maximum concentration of 795.6-3742.6 and 493.3-3746 ng/mL, half-life of 1.7-5.9 and 2.3-6.9 h, and 0-12 h area under the curve of 4518.7-20,781.4 and 1987.7-22,171.2 ng h/mL. Plasma tocotrienols were significantly increased after VEDT administration, indicating oral bioavailability of VEDT in humans. Plasma and urine levels of metabolites, δ-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman, and δ-carboxymethylbutyl hydroxychroman were elevated after VEDT administration in a dose-dependent manner and were 30-60 times significantly higher than δ-tocotrienol levels. VEDT can be safely administered at doses up to 1600 mg twice daily. Plasma VEDT concentrations were comparable to those obtained in VEDT-treated mice in which tumor growth was delayed.
conclusionsOur results suggest that VEDT can be safely consumed by healthy subjects and achieve bioactive levels, supporting the investigation of VEDT for chemoprevention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.