ReviewCritical reviews in toxicology2016
The legacy of the F344 rat as a cancer bioassay model (a retrospective summary of three common F344 rat neoplasms).
Review in Critical reviews in toxicology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Transplantation Combined With Electrical Epidural Stimulation as a Long-Term Treatment for Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Female Fischer 344 Rats.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- The International Collaborative Animal Study of mobile phone radiofrequency radiation carcinogenicity and genotoxicity: the Japanese study.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the potential carcinogenic hazard of diisononyl phthalate in humans via systematic integration of human, animal cancer studies, and mechanistic data.Current research in toxicology · 2026Article
- Case Report: Malignant Interstitial Cell Tumor with Pulmonary Metastases in an Aging Naïve Fischer 344 Rat.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- Review of the effect of atrazine on the HPG axes and steroidogenic pathways in males: relevance for testicular and prostate cancer.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Review
- 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole: MAK Value Documentation, addendum - Translation of the German version from 2022.The MAK collection for occupational health and safety · 2025Review
- Trichlorobenzene (all isomers): MAK Value Documentation, addendum - Translation of the German version from 2022.The MAK collection for occupational health and safety · 2025Article
- Systematic evaluation of the evidence base on methylCurrent research in toxicology · 2025Review
- Immune deficiency phenotypes of Il2rg, Rag2 or Il2rg/Rag2 double knockout rats; establishment of human leukemia xenograft models.Laboratory animal research · 2024Article
- The Future Exploring of Gut Microbiome-Immunity Interactions: From In Vivo/Vitro Models to In Silico Innovations.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Cell proliferation and carcinogenesis: an approach to screening for potential human carcinogens.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Statistical Analysis of Rodent Body Weight Data is Robust to Departures from Normality in Historical National Toxicology Program Studies Dated 1980-2013.Journal of young investigators · 2022Article
- New aspects in deriving health-based guidance values for bromate in swimming pool water.Archives of toxicology · 2022Article
- Impact of Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia on Blood DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clock Modeling in Fischer 344 Rats.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Article
- Spontaneous Primary Pleural Mesothelioma in Fischer 344 (F344) and Other Rat Strains: A Retrospective Review.Toxicologic pathology · 2022Article
- Research-Relevant Conditions and Pathology of Laboratory Mice, Rats, Gerbils, Guinea Pigs, Hamsters, Naked Mole Rats, and Rabbits.ILAR journal · 2021Review
- Modulation of gut microbiota in healthy rats after exposure to nutritional supplements.Gut microbes · 2020Review
- Revisiting the evidence for genotoxicity of acrylamide (AA), key to risk assessment of dietary AA exposure.Archives of toxicology · 2020Review
- Article
- Immunohistochemical Review of Leydig Cell Lesions in Ochratoxin A-Treated Fischer Rats and Controls.Toxins · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Fischer 344 (F344) rat was used by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) for over 5 decades for toxicity and carcinogenicity studies. However, in 2006, the NTP decided to switch to a different rat stock due largely to high background control incidences of Leydig cell tumors (LCTs) and mononuclear cell leukemia (MNCL), also known as large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia. In the current review, we aim (1) to provide a summary of NTP bioassays with treatment-associated effects involving MNCL and LCTs in addition to male F344-specific tunica vaginalis mesothelioma (TVM); (2) to describe important pathobiological differences between these F344 rat tumor responses and similar target tissue-tumor response in humans; and (3) to present the NTP reasons for switching away from the F344 rat. We show that due to the highly variable background incidence of F344 MNCL, more reliance on historical control data than is usual for most tumor responses is warranted to evaluate potential effect of any chemical treatment in this rat strain. The high spontaneous incidence of LCTs in the testes of male F344 rats has made this tumor endpoint of little practical use in identifying potential testicular carcinogenic responses. TVM responses in F344 rats have a biological plausible relationship to LCTs unlike TVM in humans. Given their high spontaneous background incidence and species-specific biology, we contend that MNCL and LCT, along with TVM responses, in F344 rat carcinogenicity studies are inappropriate tumor types for human health risk assessment and lack relevance in predicting human carcinogenicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.