ReviewCurrent heart failure reports2016
Pharmacologic Approaches to Electrolyte Abnormalities in Heart Failure.
Review in Current heart failure reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of antidepressant-induced hyponatremia in geriatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2026Pooled it
- The 'Chloride Theory' for Heart Failure Pathophysiology: An Updated Narrative Review 2025.Cardiology and therapy · 2026Review
- The association of albumin-corrected anion gap and acute kidney injury in heart failure patients: a competing risk model analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Targeting Sodium in Heart Failure.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Chloride in Heart Failure Syndrome: Its Pathophysiologic Role and Therapeutic Implication.Cardiology and therapy · 2021Review
- Hyponatremia and Oxidative Stress.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Correction of serum chloride concentration in dogs with congestive heart failure.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- Proposal for New Classification and Practical Use of Diuretics According to Their Effects on the Serum Chloride Concentration: Rationale Based on the "Chloride Theory".Cardiology and therapy · 2020Review
- Effects of low extracellular sodium on proliferation and invasive activity of cancer cells in vitro.Endocrine · 2020Article
- Acetazolamide as a potent chloride-regaining diuretic: short- and long-term effects, and its pharmacologic role under the 'chloride theory' for heart failure pathophysiology.Heart and vessels · 2019Observational
- Dynamic changes in serum chloride concentrations during worsening of heart failure and its recovery following conventional diuretic therapy: A single-center study.Health science reports · 2018Article
- Vasopressin antagonist-like effect of acetazolamide in a heart failure patient: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2018Article
- Treatment of hypochloremia with acetazolamide in an advanced heart failure patient and importance of monitoring urinary electrolytes.Journal of cardiology cases · 2018Article
- Hyponatraemia - presentations and management.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2017Review
- Role of circulating factors in cardiac aging.Journal of thoracic disease · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Electrolyte abnormalities are common in heart failure and can arise from a variety of etiologies. Neurohormonal activation from ventricular dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and heart failure medications can perturb electrolyte homeostasis which impact both heart failure-related morbidity and mortality. These include disturbances in serum sodium, chloride, acid-base, and potassium homeostasis. Pharmacological treatments differ for each electrolyte abnormality and vary from older, established treatments like the vaptans or acetazolamide, to experimental or theoretical treatments like hypertonic saline or urea, or to newer, novel agents like the potassium binders: patiromer and zirconium cyclosilicate. Pharmacologic approaches range from limiting electrolyte intake or directly repleting the electrolyte, to blocking or promoting their resorption, and to neurohormonal antagonism. Because of the prevalence and clinical impact of electrolyte abnormalities, understanding both the older and newer therapeutic options is and will continue to be necessity for the management of heart failure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.