ArticleOncotarget2016
Relationship of tobacco smoking and smoking-related DNA methylation with epigenetic age acceleration.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Environmental, Lifestyle, and Health Factors Associated With DNA Methylation Age.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2020Pooled it
- The epigenetic clock as a predictor of disease and mortality risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical epigenetics · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Associations between diet quality, epigenetic aging and epigenome in two population-based cohorts.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Impact of tobacco smoking on estimated telomere shortening and epigenetic age acceleration among human blood immune cell types.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- The mediating role of biological age acceleration in the associations between lifestyle factors and incident digestive system cancers: A Prospective Cohort Study from the UK Biobank.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2026Article
- The association of epigenetic age acceleration with internal smoking dose, risk of lung cancer, and all-cause mortality in cigarette smokers: the Multiethnic Cohort study.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Lung microbiome predictors of epigenetic aging and potential associations with smoking and electronic cigarette use.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Article
- Different dimensions of smoking behavior and their associations with accelerated composite biomarkers-based biological aging in Chinese older adults.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Common DNA sequence variation influences epigenetic aging in African populations.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Systems Age: a single blood methylation test to quantify aging heterogeneity across 11 physiological systems.Nature aging · 2025Article
- The association between epigenetic ageing from childhood to early adulthood and psychotic-like experiences in early adulthood.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Sexual minority stress and epigenetic aging.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Dissecting the biological complexity of age-related macular degeneration: Is it one disease, multiple separate diseases, or a spectrum?Experimental eye research · 2025Review
- Pubertal timing as a predictor of epigenetic aging and mortality risk in young adulthood.Developmental psychology · 2025Article
- Adolescent empathy and epigenetic aging in adulthood: Substance use as a mediator.Developmental psychology · 2025Article
- Article
- Examining Health Behaviors as Mechanisms Linking Earlier Pubertal Timing with Accelerated Epigenetic Aging in Late Adolescence.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2025Article
- The androgen clock is an epigenetic predictor of long-term male hormone exposure.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent studies have identified biomarkers of chronological age based on DNA methylation levels. Since active smoking contributes to a wide spectrum of aging-related diseases in adults, this study intended to examine whether active smoking exposure could accelerate the DNA methylation age in forms of age acceleration (AA, residuals of the DNA methylation age estimate regressed on chronological age). We obtained the DNA methylation profiles in whole blood samples by Illumina Infinium Human Methylation450 Beadchip array in two independent subsamples of the ESTHER study and calculated their DNA methylation ages by two recently proposed algorithms. None of the self-reported smoking indicators (smoking status, cumulative exposure and smoking cessation time) or serum cotinine levels was significantly associated with AA. On the contrary, we successfully confirmed that 66 out of 150 smoking-related CpG sites were associated with AA, even after correction for multiple testing (FDR <0.05). We further built a smoking index (SI) based on these loci and demonstrated a monotonic dose-response relationship of this index with AA. In conclusion, DNA methylation-based biological indicators for current and past smoking exposure, but not self-reported smoking information or serum cotinine levels, were found to be related to DNA methylation defined AA. Further research should address potential mechanisms underlying the observed patterns, such as potential reflections of susceptibility to environmental hazards in both smoking related methylation changes and methylation defined AA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.