ArticlePloS one2016
Antimicrobial Properties of an Immunomodulator - 15 kDa Human Granulysin.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Palatal Tissue of Patients with Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Granulysin-high decidual NK cells in macaques and humans share signatures of immune defense.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Ameliorating Fibrosis in Murine and Human Tissues with END55, an Endostatin-Derived Fusion Protein Made in Plants.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Natural killer cells kill extracellular Pseudomonas aeruginosa using contact-dependent release of granzymes B and H.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- CD127+ CD94+ innate lymphoid cells expressing granulysin and perforin are expanded in patients with Crohn's disease.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides from Plants: A cDNA-Library Based Isolation, Purification, Characterization Approach and Elucidating Their Modes of Action.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- EcDBS1R4, an Antimicrobial Peptide Effective againstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Human MAIT cell cytolytic effector proteins synergize to overcome carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli.PLoS biology · 2020Article
- Expression and Functional Characterization of a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide: Human Beta-Defensin 118.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- β-Defensin 129 Attenuates Bacterial Endotoxin-Induced Inflammation and Intestinal Epithelial Cell Apoptosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- When and how NK cell-induced programmed cell death benefits immunological protection against intracellular pathogen infection.Innate immunity · 2018Review
- What Can Pleiotropic Proteins in Innate Immunity Teach Us about Bioconjugation and Molecular Design?Bioconjugate chemistry · 2018Review
- Natural Killer Cells: Angels and Devils for Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Screening, Expression, Purification and Functional Characterization of Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Genes from Hermetia illucens (L.).PloS one · 2017Article
- Article
- Article
- Anti-tumoral potential of a human granulysin-based, CEA-targeted cytolytic immunotoxin.OncoimmunologyArticle
- The role of GNLY gene polymorphisms in psoriasis pathogenesis.Anais brasileiros de dermatologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Granulysin, a cationic protein expressed by human natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, is a mediator for drug-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and graft-versus-host disease. Some 15 kDa granulysin are processed into 9 kDa forms and sequestered in cytolytic granules, while others are constitutively secreted into body fluids. Both 9 and 15 kDa granulysin have been shown to be a serum marker for cell-mediated immunity. Furthermore, 15 kDa is able to activate monocyte differentiation. However, its antimicrobial properties have not been clearly addressed. Here, we report a novel method to prepare both the soluble 9 and 15 kDa granulysin and show that the 15 kDa form is more effective than the 9 kDa form in exerting specific antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa within a range of few micromolars. We also show that the 15 kDa granulysin is able to hyperpolarize the membrane potential and increase membrane permeability of treated bacteria. Interestingly, the bactericidal activity and membrane permeability of the granulysins were markedly reduced at lower pH (pH 5.4) as a result of probable increase in hydrophobicity of the granulysins. Additionally, we've also shown the granulysin to inhibit biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa. These results suggest that the 15 kDa granulysin exhibits a novel mechanism in bacteria killing in a way that's different from most antimicrobial peptides. Our novel granulysin preparation methodology will be useful for further study of action mechanisms of other antimicrobial, cytotoxic and immunomodulating properties in granulysin-mediated diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.